Sztyeppe


Népek vándorútja

Kelet

THE CASE OF THE BURUSHOS.1 Kevin Tuite
The Burushos speak a language, Burushaski, that has not been convincingly grouped into any known linguistic family. Its three dialects — Hunza, Nager, and the Yasin Valley (or Werchikwar) dialect — are at present surrounded by Indo-Iranian and Tibetan languages, though it seems a safe assumption that the ancestors of the Burushos were already present in northwestern South Asia when the first speakers of Indo-European languages appeared in the area. Werchikwar lang: sak=arm. (of a human being); thigh, upper part of the leg (of an animal) (http://merrittruhlen.com/files/Global.pdf)

ZITKOI ITZIRGU BOILA. Since in Greek the sound "ch" is missing, a likely ecplanation of the first word ZITKOI is provided by the eastern Iranian term CHITKA - "fortification, ditch", which is still used in the Tajik language in the form of CHUDGOH - a fortified military camp. In Caucasus (among the Chechens and Lesgins) from this root are formed the words CHUCH-VAR - a ditch fortified with stones, and CHUTKIA - a cover. The ending -I is likewise well-known in the eastern Iranian languages.
Istráng: HLOBRIN. There was a consensus that this word, as well as the word ESTROGIN (ösztrogén), is of Turkic origin and it was assumed that it meant "saddle". [A woman's body is designed to store Gynoid body fat (which is estrogen dependant) for various reasons.] Üzbég szótárból: "o'ngar-: v.t. to hoist on one's shoulders; to carry over one's saddle or behind the saddle on a horse; to put right, to improve, to straighten out. [o'ngaril-, o'ngarish-] o'ngchilik arch.rightist tendencies, conservatism."

Chechens: Artifacts and monuments, as well as burial and sacrificial sites, tell archaeologists alot about our religious beliefs before Islam and Christianity. Petroglyphs in underground caverns high in the mountains, dating from at least 4,000 BC, depict solar signs, anthropomorphic animals, and use of plants for rituals. Ancient underground burial vaults from approximately 2600 BC have carved niches and unusual stones with concentric circles in a variety of manners. Different underground dwellings dating from 1200 BC until the 9th or 10th centuries A.D. suggest a wide variety of gods associated with forces of nature and the stars. Between the 8th-11th centuries, evidence of Christianity and Islam on burial sites and architecture is first observed. Gorgippia története.

Mintha Indiában a "chitka= csúcs" (tip) lenne.. Amchitka is a volcanic, tectonically unstable island in the Rat Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in southwest Alaska.. Egyesek szerint a japán "amuchitoka=sziget" félrehallása. "Sima" ügy. Amchitka is said to have been seen and named St. Makarius by Bering in 1741. India: Chitka means sticky so chitka mati is sticky soil. Csittvári krónika. (települések Chit kezdettel.) S van, ahol szőrmés ragadozó.
Kaukázus
In Budukh, reflexes of the third type are unknown (because of the lack of data), and in the first two cases, reflexes are the same as in Kryz. Cf. *qula "board" > Kryz, Bud. qul; *ruk: "dust, earth" > Kryz, Bud. rug; *cun: "flea" > Kryz., Bud. cid; *ruš: "girl, daughter" > Kryz. riš, Bud. riž; ProtoLezghian *ṭur > Kryz ṭ_r "pimple"; PL *rup: > Kryz. r_b "needle"
PL *wiraq: > Kryz wirar "sun", PL *t:ar > Kryz dar "tree", PL *c:aw > Kryz ʒaw zow , etc.
Lehet, hogy a "Pyr, fir, vir" szó a "wiraq"-kal rokon? ..és a Wiraq Ocsa napvallás volt?
Bursh. mac "fireplace",
Lezg. mac "a clay shelf over the fireplace", Rut. mas "wall".

A mazon - Hermes és Afrodité gyermekei?
The etymology of the non-Greek word Amazon is unknown but may have had multiple sources. Several theories have been suggested, ranging from the Circassian (ČARKAS) name a-mez-a-ne “forest [or moon] mother” to ancient Iranian ha-mazon “warrior” (Mayor, pp. 85-88; 234-46; AMAZONS i).

Mangyslak

Képeskönyv a Kaspi keleti oldaláról. Más irányú képek: Az orosz név Taldy Kurgán, ami a helyiek nyelvén Taldy Korgan, s állítólagos jelentése "Fűzfadomb". (Tal=fűz; Persian: "taläyi=gold=arany". Szinte Tillya tepe.

Lighthouses in Kazakhstan:
The Russian word for a lighthouse, mayak, is commonly used in Kazakhstan. The principal Kazakh ports are Atyrau (formerly Guryev), at the mouth of the Zhayyq (Ural) River near the north end of the Caspian, and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) on the Mangyshlak Peninsula opposite Ma-khach-kala in Russian Dagestan.

Central Asia
In Altyn Tepe, items brought from India were found, including objects made of ivory and stamps (pechat’) of the Harappian type, one of which bore symbols from Harappian writing. [pech: (Persian) end of a turban which hangs down. twist, entwine.] It is possible that the founders of the Altyn Tepe civilization, like the Harappians, spoke a proto-Dravidian language for which Harappian writing may have been created.

Script
Harappian type, one of which bore symbols from Harappian writing. It is possible that the founders of the Altyn Tepe civilization, like the Harappians, spoke a proto-Dravidian language for which Harappian writing may have been created. During the late Namazga V period the settlement of the Mor?ab delta, which had started in the late Eneolithic period but was interrupted in the late Bronze Age, reemerges. In the lower reaches of the Morgäb, the Kelleli oasis forms a culture identical to that of the upper layers of Altyn Tepe.

Khun
On the basis of parallels from the Volga region, Transurals, and Northern Caucasus, a Xiongnu-type saddle manufactured in the 5th century AD is reconstructed. A semantic and cultural interpretation of zoomorphic images is suggested. Though they have no exact parallels, their style is typical of golden ornaments of the Xiongnu Age.

Kunhalom
Burial mounds of noble warriors scattered all throughout Kyrgyz land are known for magnificent size of mounds and burial vaults proper. Particularly famous are such necropolis big Chust community that lived in Andijan area near to Osh town. People of that epoch were not only fine warriors, shepherds and farmers but also skilled metallurgists. They would take bronze and manufacture axes, knives, daggers and various decorations thereof. They initiated the development of copper. Ancient people lived in large settlements and ancient towns were surrounded with walls and fosses. These towns were inhabited with warriors and craftsmen, priests and farmers. They introduced metal working, pastoral and agrarian way of life, forming of Zarathustrian studies and also mythology, rituals and temple culture (Ploskih, 2003: 40-50).

Hephthalite - AYDOGDY KURBANOV
The Hephthalite state extended its authority further to Eastern Turkestan, where they were known as Khun. The Baitudasht kurgans (fig. 9; 10) are situated 13 km south-east from the town Panj in Tajikistan. They are characteristically catacombs and podboi with high vaulted ceiling. Another indicator for the possibility that the burials belong to Hephthalites is that of the seven skulls, four have artificial deformation of ring-type.
Kazahsztántól Magyarországig mindenhol fellelhetők kun síremlékek, temetkezési helyek (kurgánok) és a kun őskultusz emlékei a kunbabák – oroszul kamennaya baba-k.

Gods fire-water (Ohsho), exactly by this the scientists explain the etymology of the name of Osh
Yuezhi - Holderő?
As the Greco-Bactrians fought amongst themselves, events in distant lands set a "domino effect" in motion that would soon reach Bactria. Near Mongolia in 174 BC, an Indo-European people called the Tocharians by the Greeks (or Yuezhi by the Chinese), were defeated by the Xiongnu and fled west. The Tocharians defeated a related tribe, the Issedones (called Wusun by the Chinese), then invaded Dzungaria and evicted the Northern Sakas (called Sai Wang by the Chinese). These Northern Sakas fled south and settled in Ki'pin (near Kashmir), shortly after Eucratides seized power in Bactria.

Ta Yuan - Nagykunok?
Around 130 BCE, at the time of Zhang Qian’s embassy to Central Asia, the Dayuan were described as inhabitants of a region corresponding to the Ferghana, to the west of the Chinese empire. “The capital of the kingdom of Dayuan is the city of Guishan (Khujand), distant from Chang'an 12,550 li. The kingdom contains 60,000 families, comprising a population of 300,000, with 60,000 trained troops, a Viceroy, and a National Assistant Prince. The seat of the Governor General lies to the east at a distance of 4,031 li.” (Han Shu) Pántlikát is tettem rá.. A Kunságon a lovak kantárjára kötött kendő, vagy a vőfi botjára tűzött szalag eredete a közép-ázsiai kazak szokásokhoz vezethető vissza. (Vagy még messzebb!) Temetkezési kultúránkban a kun sajátosságának tekintik a kutatók a kurgánon álló, kezükben áldozati csészét tartó ősszobrokat, amik a kunok vándorlási területén a 7-11. századtól megtalálhatók. A kőbabák (apák) kezében levő csésze Buddháig vezet bennünket.

Indo-szkíták pak isten földjén
The Indo-Scythians are a branch of the Indo-Iranian Sakas (Scythians) were rulers in Central Asia. They migrated from southern Siberia into Bactria, Sogdiana, Arachosia, Gandhara, Kashmir, Punjab, and into parts of Western and Central India, Gujarat and Rajasthan, from the middle of the 2nd century BCE to the 4th century CE. The Persians rendered this name as Sakâ and the Greeks as Skythai. The Chinese called them, at a later stage in history, Sai. Proto-Germanic *saiwiz => sea. A "Déli Hold" fővárosa volt Sai Gón, amit tán Szaka Kör szavakkal fordíthatnánk az ausztronéz nyelvből (tiéng).

Nyilasok vagy halzabálók a holdvándorok?
In fact, just as the Scythians and the Sacae shared the same life style, they had the same name: in their own language, which belonged to the Indo-Iranian family, they called themselves Skudat , which probably means "archers". The tribe that Herodotus calls "Massagetes" must have been called something like Mâh-Sakâ in Persian, which means Moon Sacae.

Kushan
The Yuezhi (Yue-qi) were mentioned in 645 BC by the Chinese author Guan Zhong. The Yuezhi are interesting because they can probably be identified with the Tokharians, who spoke an Indo-European language.

Saka
Subsequently, the descendants of the Andronovo culture who remained on the steppes of Central Asia were known to the Greeks and Persians as "Skythians" and "Saka", respectively. "Saka" was used by the Persians to label the Indo-Iranian nomads of the south Russian and Central Asian steppes in general, as Herodotos in the 5th century BC tell us. His information appears to be correct as the relief carvings and inscriptions at Persepolis and Naqsh-i-Rustam show; 3 different groups of Saka are listed - the Saka Tigrakhauda (the "pointed hat" Saka), the Saka Taradraya/Paradraya (the Saka beyond the Black Sea - those Iranian-speaking nomads whom Herodotos calls "Skuthas"/"Skythians"), and the Saka Haomavarga (the "haoma-drinking" Saka). The Greek version of "Saka" was "Skythian" though the Skythians were also used by Herodotos to refer to a specific kingdom in the south Russian/Pontic steppes who replaced the earlier Kimmerians there.

Bactrian Documents
gob-: Note the legal use of this verb with lado 'invoke the law'.
miuro-asano 'east', mihro-nafrano 'west': note these interesting equivalents of Middle Persian xwar-asan and Parthian xwar-nifran, with miuro < mi[theta]ra- corresponding to Middle Persian xwar 'sun'.
noio 'channel': Old Persian naviya- is usually interpreted as 'fordable by boat', or, as here, 'passable (only) by boat'. The interesting thing about the text passage in which it occurs, however, is that, after describing the Tigris as naviya-, the one thing Darius does not use to cross it is boats, but rather inflated skins (maska-), horses, and camels. The Babylonian version has 'was full', which seems to point to 'in spate'. Similarly, in the Avesta, we find the expressions 'the power of ten nauuiia- rivers' (Yast 8.24)

On the Burushaski–Indo-European hypothesis
• Bur *mos ‘mud avalanche’ ~ Caucasian: Agul mes ‘mould’, etc. < PEC *mäYwV ~ PY *puʔs ‘mould’ (NCED 296 [note], CSCG 141)
• Bur *śi ‘fireplace, hearth’ ~ Caucasian: Ingush c’i ‘fire’, Lak c’u id., Abkhaz á-m-ca id., etc. < PNC *"ăjR ~ Basque *śu ‘fire’ (NCED 354, CSCG 23)
• Bur *hiṣ ‘breath’41 ~ Caucasian: Chechen ħožu ‘odor’, Ingush ħaž, Batsbi ħaic < Proto-Nakh, *ħac ‘odor’ ~ Basque *hać ‘breath; stench’ (LDC 17)
• Bur *(l)tiṣ > *tiṣ ‘wind’ ~ PEC *Q[a]rcV ‘movement of air’, etc. (see above)
• Bur *(l)tul > (Y) tul ~ (H) tol ‘snake’ ~ PEC *wHōrQwVłV ‘snake’55 (Avar boróx ‘snake’, Lak Vikhli bạrčalu ‘snail’) ~ PY *ʔurol ‘leech’ ~ PST *rūl ~ *rūł ‘snake’ (NCED 1048, CSCG 218)
• Bur *(l)tal > tal ‘palate; eyelid’56 ~ PEC *H”0lV ‘mouth, jaw’ (Tindi erQ:i ‘jaw’, Tsakhur, Rutul γal ‘mouth’, etc.) ~ PY *jiĺ- ‘gills’ (NCED 589, CSCG 75)

Noé kikötője

Képek a Kaukázusból
In the Ingush, erzy translates to eagle. First of all, Erzy is a dozen well preserved towers above the River Armkhi in Ingushetia. The defense towers and walls of the compound are built of river boulders on the bedrock without foundations. The towers are 25-30 meters high and just 6 meters wide at the foot. Historians date them back to the 17th century.

Waters

Meleg hegy
Giant Eagle Sculpture (1901) on the Hot Mountain in Pyatigorsk is a official symbol of Caucasian Mineral Waters
In the Ingush, “erzy” translates to “eagle”. First of all, Erzy is a dozen well preserved towers above the River Armkhi in Ingushetia.
Folyó
Sokpa: U'(sú) = river. Lepcha: O'ng=river. Avar: hor=river. (A horhos pedig vízmosás.) Ugorian: "wé-si"=water. (Leginkább "víz".)
Rivus Altus (“the highest bank”), later the Rialto.
Révül a révész
Az egyikben, az eddig jobban kutatottban, a világfa kapcsolja össze az alvilágot a földivel és az égivel, a másikban a földet a túlvilágtól víz választja el, melyen átkelve-átébredve a révész, a révülő teremti meg az összeköttetést a két világ között.

water (4):
· Nihali (Bh) jappo, joppo, (M) joppo ‘water’
· AA: Munda: Santali, Mundari jQb? ‘to get wet’, Korwa jQb? ‘wet’ (CM); MK: PKatuic *#jip ‘wet’ (Peiros)
· Daic: PTai *jup ‘to dip into (water)’ > Thai chup (TLR) § Bengtson (1997a). Csobbanni a vízbe. Zsip-zsup kender zsup, ha megázik kidobjuk.

Athos monastery
According to the Athonite tradition, the Blessed Virgin Mary was sailing accompanied by St John the Evangelist from Joppa to Cyprus to visit Lazarus. When the ship was blown off course to then-pagan Athos, it was forced to anchor near the port of Klement, close to the present monastery of Iviron.

Armenia
The town of Palu is not well watered. It’s true that the Aradzani flows by it, but it’s not easy to get water to the various part of the town, which is quite high up. It is probably for the same reason that the town and its immediate surroundings are generally devoid of green spaces. There are only a few poplar and almond trees in the whole town. This lack of water is somewhat alleviated by the existence of three fountains called Shar, Var and Djemi that are much used by the inhabitants of the Armenian quarters.

Az Altay környékén

Kyzyl-Suu - Vörös víz
At the head of the Chong Kyzyl-Suu ('little red water') valley, it is a base for trekking into the 14,000 foot mountains to the south. Kyzyl-Suu is named for the "Kyzyl-Suu" river that runs through it. Kyzyl-Suu literally translates to "red water", in reference to the red clay which stains the water during periods of heavy rain.
Kyzyl-Suu2
Wildlife in the Chon Kyzyl Suu Gorge includes marmots, chukar, pheasants, deer, and wild boar.
Kyzyl-Suu3
Chon-Kyzyl-Suu gorge was named after the river which flows in the gorge. In Kyrgyz language this means "big red water". It was called this because the river erodes red sandstone and turns a turbid red color.

Kirghiz
It is Ala-Too in translation from the Kirghiz language means «Snow mountains», symbolizes the nature of the country which two thirds make mountains.

Kirghiz 2
According to official information, at the military bases in Alay, Aravan, Kara-Suu, Kara-Kuldzha and Chon-Alay Districts of Osh Province, Kyrgyz crowds in the period 11–13 June seized 25 AK-74 automatic weapons, a SVD sniper rifle, two grenade launchers with 225 shells, 1 PM pistol, 14 F-1 grenades and 9999 bullets (see details below). Chon-Aryk, Chongaryk is a small town in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan.
Chong-Tash is a small village (kishlak) in Chui Province, Kyrgyzstan, located just south of the capital Bishkek. For a female it is "gospozha"(madam), "zhenshina"(woman), addressing elder Kyrgyz women (mostly in rural areas) say Edje (Older sister), and for a young woman "devushka"(girl) or Chon Kyz if addressing Kyrgyz girl.
Issyk
In the south, the largest rivers are the Karakol, Kyzyl-Suu, Juuka, Barskoon and Ton; in the north, there are two rivers called Aksu and three rivers called Koisu (Chon “Big” Koisu, Orto “Middle” Koisu and Kichi “Small” Koisu). Two mountain chains of the Central Tien Shan Range border the lake – in the north the Kungei-Alatau (in Turkic: “facing the sun”), and in the south the Terskei-Alatau (in Turkic: “turned away from the sun”). Chon-Kara felülnézetben. Wiki Chon-Kara (or Qalacha) is on the Sokh river, between the Uzbek border and the Sokh exclave. Kalmuk name of the jackal, in which chon is "wolf"; (chono in Khalkha). Qala-cha > Elävä kala uiskentelee veden alla. Kal-andor: Qalandars are wandering ascetic Sufi dervishes who may or may not be connected to a specific tariqat.
Fekete farkas: Here, a recumbent statue of Anubis as black-coated wolf from the Tomb of Tutankhamun.
Mint olvassuk, a CHON jelenthet "Holdat, farkast és nagyot" is. A Kala szintén lehet "fekete" jelentésű, s akkor a "Qala-cha=fekete Hold", amely kifejezést a telihold nélküli hónapra alkalmazták. A "blue Moon" kifejezést pedig a két holdtöltét tartalmazó hónapra használták.

Üzbekistan
It is situated in the southwest of the country, between the Hisor (Gissar) Range in the north and the Panj River in the south and borders on Afghanistan in the southeast and on Uzbekistan in the west. During Soviet times Khatlon was divided into Kurgan-Tyube (Qurghonteppa) Oblast (Western Khatlon) – with the Kofarnihon and Vakhsh river valleys – and Kulob Oblast (Eastern Khatlon) – with the Kyzylsu and Yakhsu river valleys.

Nyugat

Orosz rész

Moondial Ukraine

Catacomb
I am beginning my survey from Indo-Iranians. Roman Ghirshman connected Mitannian Aryans with North-Eastern Iran. Vakhsh and Bishkent cultures, which are used usually as a bridge between so called “Steppe cultures” and Indostan, have their roots in this region too. Early Swata culture in Pakistan has analogies in Hissar IIB, IIIB. The presence of Indo-Aryans in Northern Pontic area is marked by place-names. In this region we can connect Catacomb culture with Indo-Aryans, because catacomb burial ritual had roots in South-Western Turkmenistan from the early 4th millennium (Parkhai cemetery).

swastika - Horogkereszt
However, it is also known by different names in different countries - like Wan in China, Manji in Japan, Fylfot in England, Hakenkreuz in Germany and Tetraskelion or ‘Tetragammadion’ in Greece. The earliest swastika ever found was uncovered in Mezine, Ukraine, carved on an ivory figurine, which dates an incredible 12,000 years, and one of the earliest cultures that are known to have used the Swastika was a Neolithic culture in Southern Europe, in the area that is now Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, known as the Vinca Culture, which dates back around 8,000 years.

Ukrán történelem
A finnugorászok történelme angol nyelven Kisoroszországról.
The tribes shared a common proto-Slavic language and pagan beliefs. They built their agricultural settlements around wooden fortified towns. Kyiv was the capital of the Polianians; Chernihiv, of the Siverianians; Iskorosten (Korosten), of the Derevlianians; Volyn (Horodok on the Buh River), of the Dulibians; and Peresichen, of the Ulychians. The Polianians were the most developed of the tribes; according to the Rus’ Primary Chronicle, their prince, Kyi, founded Kyiv in the late 6th century.

Korosten: Korosten is situated in the region Homyel'skaya Voblasts' in Belarus!
Located: Korosten is a place with a very small population in the province of Zhytomyrs'ka Oblast', Ukraine which is located in the continent/region of Europe.
Vízkereszt, vagy amit akartok
The city was founded over a millennium ago and was the capital of the Drevlyans, an ancient Slavic tribe that was later incorporated into Kievan Rus'. The name may be derived from the word korost 'brushwood, bushes, shrubbery'; the form Iskorosten' sometimes found in early sources is probably based on the common repetition of prepositions in Old Russian: iz grada iz... 'from the city from...'

Forum
“What my grandfather told me is that somewhere near the peak of Mt. Ai-Petri, there is a very old, huge, rusty mooring ring protruding out of the rock. It is a ring that was used to tiemooring ropes of seafaring ships.
“He told us that in ancient times the level of the Black Sea was where the mountain peaks are now. You can imagine what a fascinating mystery that was for a child. Szent hely
“Also, a few years ago a number of ancient subterranean pyramids (7 in total) were discovered just outside of my hometown, Sevastopol. The researchers have also found an underground sphinx facing east, and radiation levels are way over normal.”

Arkaim
A possible light was thrown for the first time on the development, nature and wide migratory pattern of early Indo-European culture, and stimulated all sorts of theories in Russian circles about the Aryan roots of the Slavic people.
In 1987, in the middle of the Russian steppe, a team of Russian archaeologists unearthed the ruins of a fortified town called Arkaim, causing great excitement in scientific ranks and a surge of neo-pagan and nationalist enthusiasm among Russian intellectuals.

Szláv "ittyi=menni" luwian "iti=go".

Fantasy “Brugsch was referring to the Hiksos dynasty and the Hita (or the Heta), especially the latter, whom he suspects of having Mongolian blood, as we shall see later on ([99], page 75).
In Greek, Megalion means “The Great”, which once again identifies the Hittites (or the Goths) as the “Mongols”.

Ukraine history
In the year 852 ... the land of Rus' was first named ... 859: The Varangians from beyond the sea imposed tribute upon the Chuds, the Slavs, the Merians, the Ves, and the Krivichians. Varangians were known as Russes, just as some are called Swedes, and others Normans, Angles and Goths ...
"I do not care to remain in Kiev, but should prefer to live in Pereiaslavets on the Danube, since that is the center of my realm; that is where all my riches are concentrated - gold, silks, wine and various fruits from Greece, silver and horses from Hungary and Bohemia, and from Rus', furs, wax, honey and slaves/'

Russ. xólod, perhaps Dutch hal 'frozen ground';
Vogul urala "mountain peak" or from Tatar ural "boundary." (Európa és Ázsia határa?)
Urus=stand (Ge'ez? )

Csuvas szótár: 1 öl = hălaş (a measure: fathom, two jards, 1.9 meters)

Szláv fórumról: Mozset büty
Szláv EMBER az ősi angolból -) A finnugor nyelvészek helyből vágnák: A "mozs-ar" szóból keletkezett ELVONÁSSAL.
Slavic word "muž" (man, husband) comes from "žena" (woman, wife). There are two possible etymologies:
Muž = M + U + ž = man + in + life = the one who can get life into a woman...
Mož = M + O + ž = man + of, from + life = man who gives life
Word "žena" = ž + e + n + a = life + give + cut + grows, comes out, up.
Slavic verb "može" (can) comes from Mož, the one who can create. Muža (milking) comes from the fact that milking and masturbation are two almost identical actions, producing white liquid... Próbálják a MUZSIKA szóval összevetni, vagy az AMAZON, AMAZIGH szavakkal is. Amajegh = noble. De a "muszka" szó és a ..majd hoz újat a mózsi a Musza dagról is elgondolkodtató.

Szláv
The etymology of the 65 Slavenetic inscriptions from the south of ancient Gaul is mirrored in the toponymy and tribal names. This parallelism is continued in the names of places and tribes containing two-pronged word compounding.

Gifts
Mordvin kalma also means a grave. Kalma – Goddess of death in Finnish mythology, is an underworld deity. Vajh a KALMA a sír HALMA volt ? H > K. "Hal > Kala".

Kígyó
2. ´a chain that hangs in the chimney on which a kettle of water is hung´, Russian "cheren", "cherenok". Az orosz fekete szóból. Ancient chinese "cheren = markolat, nyél, fogantyú" (késé, baltáé..) Jun Wenren

Cheren (m) -- "handle."
Cheren
The first name of Cheren creates a shrewd, aggressive, business nature, intent on personal gain.

Cheren
Cheren: black, nigrescent, sable, sooty, thick

Also in Japanese atama means head (Menekül már sok kozák atamán..)

Saskia Pronk-Tiethoff: The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic
Északra Böszörmények
The Besermian (or Beserman) people are a small ethnic group in North-East Udmurtia, the districts of Iukamen, Iar, Balezino and Glazov in the watershed of the Cheptsa River (a tributary to the Vyatka).
The major Y-chromosome haplogroups in the region are R1a-M198, R1b-M269, and N-M231.
Ruhatár
The Besermyans enjoy wearing bright and colourful things; red is in special favour. Winter clothes are checked, summer ones are striped. Festive summer costume consists of several articles: a smart shirt, with richly decorated belt, sleeves and particularly adorned breast; over the shirt they wear the so-called zybyn, which resembles an apron of sand colour, with decorated hem and breast. A böszörményeknél előfordul a nyilaskeresztes fejkendő. Vajon a bosormen szemantikailag megfelel a keepchaak szónak?

NOMENCLATURE - Jew’s harp
Russia: standard:варган/vargan, wargan [in ancient Russian it means “mouth of a soul” (ref. TurboZen)] in plural form: варгани /vargani, wargani; арган /argan, орган/organ, ворган/worgan [probably vargan andargan [and allied words] are linguistic derivations from old Mid-Greek organ(on)/organ(on), = instrument] or from Vulgar Latin arganum [general for instruments]; notice that: vargi [Slavian] = mouth; warga [Polish] = lip; varga/vorga = mouth; means ‘to sing’ (among Lemko)]; варган - или-зубная- губанка /vargan-ili-zubnaya-gubanka [= lip-and-teeth-instrument]; зубанка/zubanka [зуб /zub = tooth; name is for Jew’s harp of Udmurt origin], труба/truba ; in official use came: хомус /khomus [origin from Uralic linguistic clusters];
Belaya Rus [Bielorus, White Russia]: дримба /drýmba, drïmba, várgan, varghan [East-Belarus]; вурган/ vurghan; варганисма/varghanisma [last both for Central-Belarus]; дрымба/drimba [South-Belarus]; друмла /drumla [West-Belarus]; argan; варгас - подковка /vargas-podkovka [=horses­hoe-shaped Jew’s harp]; кобза /kóbza [1879]

Elég, arab! - magyar nyomok
Unguri és a többi falu: Mugyiló (a mai Mogiljev Podolszkij) környékéről Zöld Péter 1770-ben négy csángó faluról ír. A várostól mintegy 10 km-re, a Dnyeszter partján húzódó Unguri esetében nem kell hozzá különösebb fantázia, hogy észrevegyük a név magyar eredetét. Sántha Attila kutatásaiban beazonosította a továbi három falut is: Unguri mellett ezek Verejeni, Balinti és a picit távolabb fekvő Boroşeni.

Kárpát-medence

Pannon
Páhi-puszta found Kapostal coins, several bronze tetradrachms and drachms.
XVI42 (AD 98) P. Insteio Agrippae f., Cyrrh(o) ex pedite cohort. I August. Ituraeorum (Pann.); the territory of the Hercuniates (Pann., future Pann. Inf.).
Herzegovina
"The Drava has a source in the land of the Serrettes and Serapilli." As we can see, the Drava flows down to the Hercuniates, a Hericy-like term. PLUS, see on the map in the Ragusa article that the region is called, HERZegovina, smacking of "Hericy/Harris." Kelta vándorlás Gallok
According to legend, 300,000 Celts moved into Italy and Illyria. By the 3rd century, the native inhabitants of Pannonia were almost completely Celticized. La Tene remains are found widely in Pannonia, but finds westward beyond the Tisza river and south beyond the Sava are rather sparse. These finds are deemed to have been locally produced Norican-Pannonian variation of Celtic culture. The Hercuniates and Latobici migrated from the northern regions (Germania). Altogether new tribes are encountered, bearing Latin names (such as the Arabiates), possibly representing new creations carved out of the defeated Boian confederation

Régészet
From this time on, the written sources only mention the names of the regional tribes: the Boii in the northeast, the Eravisci in the Danube Bend, the Hercuniates (Hercunias?) south of Lake Balaton, the Osus and the Cotinus east of the Danube, and the Anartius and the Taurisci on the eastern fringes of Transylvania.

(Ezek az észak-germán pannon törzsek a BC 3.c. során már görög mintájú pénzt verettek.) The first written mention of an Illyrian tribe known as "Iapydes" is by Hecataeus of Miletus Sevillai Izidor Etymologiarum c. munkájában Pannonia neve az Appenninus hegység után keletkezett. Pannonia népe használt egy tőkesúly nélküli kis szíriai típusú csónakot, amit pannon nyelven "portemia" néven emlegettek. Umbria neve a görög OM-Bria (eső?) származéka. Jeruzsálem régi neve Hierusalem, ami Jebus és Salem összevonávával jött létre, de Solomon idejében magyarosították Hierosolyma névre. (Ierosolyma). Nála a Basileus az a "base=alapzat" és a "leos=nép" szavak összevonása.
But the name Gesoriacum, first mentioned in the text of Florus (2.30; between 12 and 9 B.C.)
Ócsa
O. Ócsa Pestpilis vármegyében magyar falu. Nevét azon görögszóból ójkia, vagyis góth ejtés szerint otsa, melly annyit jelent mint egyház, származik. Az őskorban gyönyörü, és bámulás tárgyául álló patriarchai kettős kereszt alaku templom épitetett ottan. Az egyház még most is megvan, ezen nevét a helységnek teljes joggal igényli. A templom 1733ik évben reformatusoké volt, benne négy oldalagos kápolna és sekrestye állott, azelőtt hajdan a római katholikusoké volt, vélemény felőle, hogy György szerviai vajda épitette. Ócsa régiségét a Tudóstársaság 1839-ki évkönyvében irja le. – Bullet franczia iró szerint ochie, ocsie, celta nyelvszármazat, s annyit tesz vizes környék, viz állás (Caverne ou il y a beaucoup d’eau). Legbiztosabb eddig ojkia görög szóból származtatása Ócsának. Magyarország, sajnos, több első királyaink alatt görög elem befolyásától volt nyomatva. Igy Kalotsa Solthoz közel, melly szó annyit tesz mint szép templom, görögből kapta nevét, mai időben második székes érseki város. Madocsa a Duna jobb partján Tolna megyében annyit tesz mint „tetőtlen templom”. Kanotsa Zalában, közel Zalaegerszeghez, annyit tesz, mint „magas egyház” (Nyelvtudományi eredeztetés), Otsa = finn homlok?

Helynevek
Nagy Constantin ideje óta esméretes ezen álítás »Otsa, Bótsa, Boltska, Kalotsa, Madotsa Has quinque aeclesias fundavit Constantinus mag-nus«. P. és az adatközlők szerint régen a Duna szigete lehetett.
Madocsa
Ő ugyanis nemcsak a madocsai táncokat gyűjtötte a világnak ... azt mondják: „Nagy Constantin ideje óta esmeretes ezen állítás: Otsa, Bótsa, ... Ha Ócsa az "egyház" jelentésű, akkor Mad-ócsa az Mézegyháza? Magyaregyháza ? ..avagy Egyháziföld?
Szíria
Az abesszíniai Szent Mózes ősi szíriai kolostor: A helyi hagyomány szerint abesszíniai Szent Mózes az etiópiai király fia volt!
A 4. vagy 5. századi kolostor, aminek apró főoltára alatt az ásatást szeretnének végezni igen sok érdekességet tartogat, freskóin meglepően sok szerzetesnőt és szent királyt találunk. Ikonográfiája hasonlít a magyar kereszténység korai időszakára, ami kapcsolódhat az apostoli királysághoz. A mindenkori Apostoli Magyar Király egy azonos az első Apostollal- KRISZTUSSAL!!

Makó Jeruzsálemtól
A mai Makó neve egyébként a keresztes hadjáratok idején még Felvelnök volt. Első virágzása a 13. század második felére esett, amikor a Csanád nemzetséghez tartozó Makó bán volt a földesura. Az 1299. évi oklevél már így említette: "Felvelnök, amelyet újabban Makófalvának neveznek". Béka, béka vándor béka, az ördög fog búsúlni..

Jeruzsálem királya
A "hivatalos" akadémiai változat szerint II. András magyar király az V. keresztes hadjárat részeként 1217-18-ban fegyveres hadak élén jelent meg a Szentföldön, majd jóval a keresztes hadjárat befejezte előtt hazatért. Jeruzsálemben -amely akkor nem a keresztesek kezén volt- nem járt. Hadainak egy része kint maradt. Összességében tehát egy meglehetősen furcsa és sikertelen hadjárat képét festik elénk, bár ez utóbbi megítélést az utóbbi időben kezdik felülvizsgálni.
II. András III. Béla Magyarország királya és Chatillion Anna Antiochiai hercegnő házasságából született, Balduin jeruzsálemi király ükunokája. Katolikusok: I. (Nagy) Lajos (ur. 1342-82) 1348: bevonult Nápolyba, s a trónt elfoglalva címei közé iktatta a Szicília és Jeruzsálem királya, Apulia hercege és Capua fejedelme c-eket. A Jeruzsálemi királyság megszűntével a cím sokfele öröklődött, ebbe most ne menjünk bele részletesen. Elég legyen annyi, hogy egyik ágon az Anjou királyok is megszerezték ezt, így Nagy Lajos valóban viselte ezt. De a nápolyi és a Valois-Anjou házban is öröklődött.
Bakk István: "Az Anjou uralkodók idején már vegyes egyházi szervezet kezd kikristályosodni: a Fehéregyház katolikusai, a római egyház katolikusai és a kettőt integráló, de pápai hatáskör Pálos-rend. Zsigmond király megértette ezt a sajátos európai fejlődést. A római (Vatikán) Visegrád (Fehéregyház) kereszténység sajátossága Zsigmond rendezte olyképpen, hogy a Jézus székét apostoli szintre emelte és a magyar fehérkatolikusok egyházat a vezető helyzetét." Zsigmond ekkor már német király és a császári korona várományosa, és a Szentkoronán keresztül jeruzsálemi király is. 1414-ben összehívta a késő-középkori Európa egyik legjelentősebb kongresszusát, a konstanzi zsinatot, amelyen maga elnökölt.
Őrök: Az apostoli király a magyar királyok egyik címe és az apostoli királyság Magyarország egyik megnevezése. Külföldön más kifejezések is voltak, mint pl. "Archiregum" (a királyságok királysága), a 16. század elején, az ország természeti gazdagsága miatt vagy a "kereszténység védőbástyája" a török elleni harc idején.
Bakos: A magyar király nemcsak világi tisztség, hanem egyházi is.
Zsidó-keresztény
Honfoglalás kori magyar sírokban számos díszes, gyakran ereklyéket is magukban foglaló keresztet is találtak, különösen az előkelő hölgyekében, akik ezeket a nyakukban hordták. Ezek az úgynevezett “szentföldi típusú” keresztek nem az egyenlő szárú görög, azaz bizánci formát követik, hanem hosszú szárúak és a rajtuk látható Krisztus és szentek stílusa és megmunkálási módja dél-kaukázusi, sőt szíriai eredetre utal. [A hosszú szárú kereszt a heftalitáknál is előfordult.]

Shem ellenes?
Magyarországot az immár 900 éve a Szent Korona Tanokra alapozott történelmi alkotmánya védi, mely védőhálót még a nagy hatalmú pénzvilág sem tudja áttörni jelzálog rendszerével.(Ősiség törvénye) Árpád házi szentjeink sora, Szent István öröksége, Mária Országa a keresztény hit védelmezője mind rólunk szól, a Szűzanya oltalma alatt álló szakrális Magyarországról. II. András óta a mindenkori Magyar király egyben Jeruzsálem (Urusolyma) királya is , sőt Szent István apostoli királysága által örökös Jus exluzive joggal bír, tehát megvétózhatja a pápaválasztást is.
Veronika keresztje
A kereszt, az ókor legkegyetlenebb büntető eszköze főképp a főníciaiaknál és a punoknál divatozott. A görögök rendszerint a rabszolgák, a gonosztevők és a szökevények kivégzéséhez használták.
Szimbólum: A kereszt az V. sz.-tól a keresztény császári hatalom jelvénye, s a feltehetőleg bizánci eredetű kettős kereszt a XII. sz. végén, (a Bizáncban nevelkedett) III. Béla pénzérméin jelent meg, és a magyar királyi hatalom szimbólumává vált.

Magyar a románban: A XIII. században merülnek fel a Kárpátok és az Alduna között letelepült ruménség első nyomai. Ezen a területen szláv és magyar nevű kenézeket és vajdákat találunk. A XV. század már a rumén vajdaságok, a legrégibb kezdetleges államképződmények: Havasalföld (Ungrovlachia) és Moldva keletkezésének korszaka.
A ’város, külváros’ fogalmának kifejezésére a rumén nyelvben, de más balkáni nyelvben is a magyar város, váras szót (mely a vár szóból ered) használják (rum. oraş, szerb-horvát vároš, stb.)
A sort a lăcaş ’lakás’ szóval zárjuk, mely eredetileg a magyar lakás szóval jelentett egyet, ma azonban már csak az ünnepélyes nyelvben általános: lăcaşurile sfinte ’Isten háza’.
Mivel Erdélyben, Moldvában és Havaselvén a földmívelés terén is a magyarság végezte az úttörő munkát, könnyen érthető, hogy a gazdát magyar eredetű szóval: gazdă (< m. gazda) jelölik.

SANDRA, echoing the name of the old Vedic god of the Moon: CHIANDRA (the name Sandru is spread throughout Banat mostly and in Ardeal).

HU-n Gari
The surname Hu originated in an area referred to during the Han Dynasty (206BC to 220AD) as the Anding prefecture. The HUs like to call themselves "The Old Moon". Surname HU is always referred to as Gu Yue or old moon. HUr gari? Hay-Rá! Hold-Nap!





Pesti István 2018 május




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