Kína 9


Kína és környéke

Díszítve és tartósítva
The craft of lacquerware has an age-old history in China. Records in ancient books and documents and findings from archaeological excavations confirm. Painted inner coffin from the first tomb of. Mawangdui, Changsha (Hunan province). Hunan Provincial. Museum. Figure 6. The third in the series of coffins from the ... dynasties and they began to flourish in the Ming and Qing dynasties. ... als can be used as substrate: wood, bamboo, cane, silk, ramie, leather, porcelain, gold,.

Urushi
graphic works. The last volume, Kyuki, describes the art of urushi. Fourteen volumes of Kinkyo, which were compiled by Tsuan Ta Mi in the Ming dynasty. The Far Eastern lacquerware (politurozott) known as urushi, this book considers the art historical and scientific viewpoints and presents the priorities for urushi’s preservation and conservation. Hoshitsu. This term is used for uwanuri, the final coating. Ho means applying urushi in multiple layers. It also has the meaning of "dark-red urushi."

Korean
Four (4=négy) = net. Five (5=öt) = daseot. Seven (7=hét) = chil. (Óceániában a hetu a csillag). Child (gyerek) = ai. Fruit (gyümölcs) = yeolmae. Seed (mag) ssi. Wing (szárny) = nalgae. Sun (Nap) = hae. Moon (Hold) = dal. Nagyobb szótár.

Parthian
The origin of the Parthian Arsakids was connected with nomadic tribes, belonged to the circle of the Skith tribes, who were known by common name of Dahae. The Dahae tribes were mentioned also in the ancient Persian inscriptions as one of tribes of the Saka confederation, which was inhabited in the lower reaches of Sirdarya river, and moved to the South to the Parthian borders in the III century BC70. According to the Antic sources, Arsak was a man of poor origin and professed robbery. Then he became a leader of the nomadic tribe named Parn, which was a part of the Dahae confederation. This tribe was roamed along the Okh river, which was identified with modern Tedjen river in the South of Turkmenistan or with the dry channel of Kelif Uzboy. In the 3rd quarter of the III century BC the Parns united under their command a number of other nomadic tribes, seized power in Parthia, mixed with local sedentary population, and accepted the ethnic name of Parthians. The data of the Armenian sources show, that the Kushans, the Hionits and the Ephtalits were relative to each other tribes and were before a part of the great Saka Horde - the Massagets (Ma-saka-ta), who were on the early stages of their ethnogenesis mixed with Hunn tribes.

Korean Coinage
King Sukjong of Koryo tried again to establish a monetary system by casting a variety of coins during the years 1097-1107 AD. These coins included the tong guk "Eastern Country", hae dong "Eastern Sea" and sam han "Three States" series of coins.
yok, insults or swearing
The Korean term for dog, (Ma)'gae', for example, can used in everyday speech with no offensive connotation. When applied to a person, however, 'gae' and its variants (including Gaesaekki, literally 'son of a dog', and 'son of a bitch' in English) become strong curse words that would not be appropriate for formal or polite conversation.
(ship-sae-kki, ---): Combination of the word (sship), an archaic word that could either refer to a vagina or sexual intercourse, and the word (sae-kki), meaning offspring or young.
(ssi-bal, --): (as an intensifier) fucking, fucker; (as an interjection) fuck!, shit!

Ruha
The Silk Road And The Korean Language Lee Ki-moon Professor of Linguistics
Nowadays, 'moshi' from Hansan is famous and this 'moshi' had gained international fame early on in ancient times. It was called 'kara-musi' in Old Japanese. This word, first appearing in old archives of 102, is found in many books. It is well known that kara means Korea. 'Moshi' also found entry into China. The word 'moshipo' ( 'moshi' cloth) appears in Pak-t 'ong-sa, a book of Chinese conversation compiled in the period of Koryo.

Farkas
cinoa, chono. Wolf, Canis Lupus. (Hasonlít a "kína=female" szóra.)
This common word is almost universal in the Mongolian dialects, with slight phonetic variations. The pronunciation of the first vowel as o is not ancient but is now general (In Khubilai Khan's day the word was chinoo). "Female wolf" is ologchin chono, literally "bitch wolf."
Mayorov gives shahl chon as the Kalmuk name of the jackal, in which chon is "wolf" (chono in Khalkha). kara görögesön, khara göröös(ön). Literally "black beast." Khara-Chon?

Holdhegy
The active wandering dunes of Chongor Els (called «Singing Sands») are about 50 m high and a spectacular sea of sand. Argali sheep and Siberian ibex are found in this place. Khongor els. The northern border of the dunes is skirted by a small river, the Khonggoryn Gol, where green pastures are noted. The river is sourced by subterranean flows from the mountains forming its valley. Grazing by camels and horses of the nomadic population of the area is noted. The wildlife recorded consist of Saker falcons, Pallas's sandgrouse and Saxaul sparrow, Corsac fox or red fox. Khong az egyik sziámi nyelven "sarok" (corner) jelentésű. A google fordító szerint a "khong=nem" vietnami nyelvből. Moon. Ha még fényes is a Hold BUR ful fehu-t = new Moon.

Chong a hakka változata a mandarin Zong szónak. Vezetéknév. Egyesek szerint a "cseng, gong" mandarin nyelven. Másoknál "széles, nyitott, gyakran" a Chang. Kínai vezetéknév: Zhong a család másodszülött gyermeke. Chango a holdisten neve.

Kerámia
East of Kyongju the great temple of Pulguk-sa was erected at the same time the Todaiji was being built at Nara to house the Daibutsu of the Emperor Shomu. Largely reconstructed in its wooden parts during the Yi dynasty, many of its stone architectural features still remain. Not far away, cut from living rock on the top of Toham-san, is the chapel of Sokkuram, conceived and directed by the same designer who was responsible for the Pulguk-sa.

Érdekességként: A Jing nyelven cion=12. A tizen-hét pedig "to-hon" (Chinggeltei 1997: 147),.

Turkic loan words in Tocharian
Toch. A āle, Toch. B alyiye* `palm (of the hand)' < PToch. *āl'ye: Proto-Turkic *āja `id.' (OUygh. aja, Turkm. āja, etc.) < *ālja < Proto-Altaic *p`ālŋa (Proto-Mongolian *haliga(n), PTM *palŋa `palm (of the hand)', perhaps also Proto-Korean *pār `armful').
Toch. AB kärk- `rob, steal': Proto-Turkic *Kar-ak `bandit' (OUygh. qaraq-či, Turkm. Garak etc.) < Proto-Altaic *kàra `opposite; enemy'.
Toch. B compound cowai tärk- also means `to rob')
Thracian βρια, presumably / uria/, mentioned by Strabo as a Thracian word for πολις, τεικος and glossed by Hesych as κώμη. The Indo-European etymology of Toch. A ri, Toch. B rïye is thus rather questionable.

Mongol a tuvaiban
Tuva čayān ‘sud´ba, dolja, učast´, udel; sposobnost´, odarennost´, talant’ ← Mongolian: Literary Mongolian jayaγan ‘fate, destiny, predestination (often understood as the result of a person’s good and evil deeds in previous incarnations); luck, fortune, merits accumulated in a former life’
Tuva súgu ‘peč´, pečka’ ← Mongolian: Literary Mongolian juuqa ‘hearth, furnace, stove’, Khalkha jūx(an) ‘peč´, pečka’, Buryat ‘jama dlja razvedenija ognja; glinobitnyj očag’, Oirat juuqa ~ zóxo ~ zúxa(i) ‘firepit’.
Csil-lag
Old-Turkic yultuz ‘star’ (ED 922b) < Tuva sïldïs ‘zvezda’;
Old-Turkic yïl ‘year’ (ED 917a) < Tuva čïl ‘god, leta’; (Korean: chil cheung = seventh floor.)

Khanas
In Khanas, the buses bring tourists and locals to the beautiful Khanas lake for free. Many Tuvans are in the tourist business. They perform in national costumes for tourists: they sing, dance, sell traditional beverages and dishes: khoitpak, tarak, aarzhy, or kurut.

Kara-Kash
At one time the Tofalars were widely known as the Karagas. It is assumed that their name (Kara-Kash), as well as their language, descends from the Kachins, i.e. Khakass.

Sinologie
Archaik chinese: *kit (jié) 'to tie' and *kits (ji) 'hair-knot'.
Uyghur
Fruits: mëwe Uyghur language
(-da helynévképző?)
gylas= cseresznye gyümölcs [ gilas =szemita nyeregtakaró]
Trousers: ishtan
Spanish: Ispan
Arabic: Ereb
Apples: alma

China Hina: The Hina Group is one of China's most elite and prestigious investment banking advisory and private equity firms. Hina (Urdu) is a female name. In South Asia and the Middle East, derived from Henna. In Japan derived from light or sun. From Japanese (hi) sun, sunlight or (hi) day, sun combined with (na) "vegetables, greens". Goddess Of Fish Or Fishing; Goddess of the Moon; Henna; Henna. Hina is a diminutive of Mahina (Moon, Hawaiian). Hun nő? Ge-hin-na?
56 kisebbség
A "kínai nyelv" 56 nyelvből és azok számos dialektusából tevődnek össze. Aki "kínai nyelv"-et emleget, rendszerint a mandarin nyelvre gondol, amely a legnagyobb lélekszámú.

Mandarin-English
hétián diqu Effective Pinyin (After Tone Sandhi) Same Cantonese (Jyutping) wo4tin4
bochka (Russian) barrel.bod 1 lit.wind, breeze. ~i sabo the morning breeze.
Angolna = eel = mányú, shányú.
Toll = feather = yü
Hold = Moon = yué, lipo [chán = striped toad.]

Panyu district of Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, southern China. A panyu (pan yu, Poon Yu) nyelv besorolatlan, vagy a Yue dialektusa.. Panyu is said to be a separate language (Chan 1981). Hiligaynon (Panyu más kontextusban) Husay=solve; inum=drink; orange=naranghita; frying pan=kalaha; whale=balyena; pink=rosa; violet=lila.

Szagán
Tűz
Mongolian, Manchu-Tungus (MT) and Turkic (mainly Old Turkic,
Kályha? Konda kay- to warm oneself at fireplace
Felgyullad a tűz? Even, gul- to strike a match, set fire

Harmony
garma-kta. 'mosquito' . ukur ‘cow’. bitö ‘letter’. ir-rö ‘to ripen-PAST’. tulumi ‘crane’. tuwa ‘fire’. tyli winter: Mansi: tāl, Eastern Mari: tele, Finnish: talvi, Udmurt: tol.

Manchu falka
manchu falga=falu. An Iranian *varaka- would also give the origin of Mongol balga- 'town', plural balgad, sing, balgasun; and Manchu falga. Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *palu egy halfajta, a manchu nyelvben falu. Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *palVga = Meaning: a group of houses. Xakas aalax (villages).
A "falu" jelentett követ is. Egy zárt "hold-terület", mint a "vár".
Koguryov szerző: Christopher I. Beckwith
Kuör = fallal körülvett település. Old Japanese kürü = to turn around, spin. *suki = plough.
Uighurs, whose effort to consolidate control in the upper Enisei valley beginning in the middle of the 8th century (soon after the time when Khar-Balgas was being built) is documented in written sources. "Neolitikus körárok rendszerek":-) A falazott városok, erődök (várak) neve Koguryo területén *kuru (kör?) volt. Beckwith szerint az archaikus "kuru" név egy "gyűrű erőd" (vár) jelentéssel bírt. Az O.Jap. *kürüma pedig "kerék" jelentésű. MOC *kura - *kula - < *kware - *kwere < *kwele; cf. O.Tib. Hkor "circle, wheel" < P.Tib *kwar - *kwer « OChi *kwar - *kwer, O.Tib mkar "walled city, fort". Míg az afrikai "suki=lyukaszt" erre "suki=szánt" jelentésű lett. Az O.Kog "me(l)y=folyó, víz"- PDF formátumban.
Wai
Villages surrounded by walls are called 'Wai'

Orient Salvatore Gaspa, CŽcile Michel, Marie-Louise Nosch
A dictionary of Old Japanese states that the noun kurubeki derives from the verb < kurubeku (also kurumeku ) "to turn around, rotate". The term kurubeki is derived from the word kuru (to wind, reel, spin) which in turn is related to rotating devices. Holdkör?

Glossary Körözés
In fact, kuru-kuru means to turn, twirl, or go round and round. Kuru-kuru-pa, on the other hand, is a colloquialism meaning "crazy." It comes with its own hand gesture, too—use the same American gesture for crazy, twirling an index finger around the ear and then when getting to the pa part of the phrase, close the hand and open quickly, extending all five fingers. There you go. Apparently kuru-kuru-pa is no secret in the States.

Hajvágás
A kínai Huangluo faluban élő vörös yao törzs női tagjai csak egyszer vágathatják le a hajukat, 16 éves korukban, mikor eladósorba lépnek. A törzs tagjai híresek arról, hogy a hajuk szinte soha nem őszül meg és egyáltalán nem használnak sampont sem. –írja a mirror.

Testkultúra
Nyaknyújtás. Lábelkötés (pakha). Ajaktányér . Mellvasalás.

Jó
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *aja, *aju-. Altaic etymology: Meaning: 1 good 2 handsome, beautiful 3 to save, help.
Blazek Altaic etymology
Ad *nad[i] "seven" (pp. 959-60) - add Kitan *dol "seven", *doluwei "seventh" (Ching-geltei 2002, 107).

Ad *k‘ăp‘ù "barrier" (p. 765-66) – add Tabgač *qaβaγčin (k‘o-po-chên) "Türhüter", Kitan *qaβaγči (ho-pa-chih) "Kleiderwart" (Doerfer 1992, 45, 48), where the original medial labial is still preserved. ..és akkor a koporsó egy "kapu" ?! A topa említése magyar szövegben: A topák eredetileg a szienpi nyelv egy dialektusát beszélték, ezt maguk a kínai források közlik. Az egyik a kopocsen (ókínai kiejtésben kca-bcak-t’sien), melyet qabaqcin-nak (olv. kabakcsin) olvashatunk, jelentése ’kapus, ajtónálló’. (Tabgač = China, old turkic. O.Uyghur "iki=2")
Ad *sira/u "hill, mountain" (p. 1258-59) – add Koguryo *šüri ~ *šüni "top of mountain" (Lee 1977, 38). [siro=white=fehér]
Ad *zÔúĺa "spine, nape" (p. 1521) – add Tabgač *šilu (shih-lou) "high" ~ Written Mon-golian sili "mountain ridge; nape, back of head" < *silui (Doerfer 1992, 46).
Ad *zēra "light; moon" (p. 1512) – add Kitan *sär(ə) (sai-i-êrh) "month" (Doerfer 1992, 48) = *sær "moon" (Chinggeltei 2002, 107). [Buona sera, signorina!]

Pevnov
Tokai: Tokai, Aichi, a city. Tokai, Cape Town, a large residential suburb of Cape Town, South Africa
Pleiades, a Fiastyúk
There are Siberian parallels for this and not only the Paleoasiatic ones mentioned above. The etymology of the name of the Pleiades in Turkic languages (Ulker, Yurker, Yurkar, etc.) is disputable. Hungarian word szita for the Pleiades is borrowed from Slavic (Mándoki 1963: 519–520). A "Tejút" neve a permi népeknél, az amuri evenkeknél és az ojibve népnél "Madarak útja".

Rovás kedvelőknek.

Cicigar
Qiqihar is one of the oldest cities in the northeast of China. The region was originally settled by nomadic Daur and Tungus herdsmen. Qiqihar is a Daur word, which means border or natural pasture. The city's original name was Bukui (??), the Chinese transcription of a Daur word meaning "auspicious".

Mongolian-languages
The central Mongolian languages are usually divided into a western group, consisting of the closely related Oirat (spoken in Mongolia and in the Xinjiang region of China) and Kalmyk (Russia), and an eastern group, consisting of the closely related Buryat (Russia) and Mongol (Mongolia and China) languages. Outlying languages—Moghol (spoken in Afghanistan), Daur (Inner Mongolia, China), Yellow Uighur (Gansu province, China), and the related groups of Monguor (Tu), Dongxiang, and Bao’an (Bonan), which are spoken on the border between the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai—exhibit a

Fantastic
But one of the most surprising examples would probably be an African by the name of Yasuke who was made a samurai by the Japanese Daimyo Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582) after taking on the role of his body guard.

Hakka
Ha: hakka`) [< Arabic šakka] Zr: Shákka; ("kétség" jelentésű). Nálam "kapu, vándor.."

Formóza

AMIS: (AMI, AMIA, PAGCAH, PANGTSAH, BAKURUT, LAM-SI-HOAN, MARAN, SABARI, TANAH) A kínaiak az Amis végéről az "-s" hangot lespórolták > Ami.

Taiwani nyelvek Amis
Father Maurice Poinsot, 83, began doing missionary work in Yuli in the eastern county of Hualien (Taivan keleti oldala) when he was 27 years old. He worked hard to learn different local languages, including Mandarin, Taiwanese, Hakka, and the language of the indigenous Amis tribe, to assimilate into local society.

Taiwan a mandarin a hódítók nyelve. Natív Taiwanese aborigines are Austronesian peoples, with linguistic and genetic ties to other Austronesian people. Related ethnic groups include Polynesians, most people of the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei, among others. Plains Aborigines adopted the Han surname Pan as a modification of their designated status as Fan ("barbarian").
Maori > Amis: toro > tolo; rima > lima; whitu > pito; waru=falo. Az Amis változata a Sakiray nyelv.

Amis Nem azonos az amerikai amishokkal.
The Amis are the largest ethnic group among Taiwanese aborigines. As of 2004, their population exceeded 160,000. The Amis people call themselves Amis or Pangcah. In their language, Amis means “the North,” and Pangcah means “human being,” “people with the same ethnicity,” or “people of the same descent.” In early documents, the Amis were referred to as Ami or Amis, and other similar names. Amis or Ami is a member of the Formosan group of Austronesian languages. It is spoken along parts of the east coast of Taiwan. Náluk az apa "mama". A toll az upih, majdnem pihe. A megszállások következtében az őslakosság 2%-ra csökkent a populáción belül. Cognates. mother/anya: tina, naina. tina, ina. ninaa, nao. titina, niaw. ina, inak?. ino. ciina. ina?a, kainu. taina, ina. taynaynayan, ina. taina, ina. kina, ?ina kina. kina ina?. ?ina?, wina?. ?wina?, ?ina?. tina. tina. cina?. yaya?, ?aya? yaya?. bubu. bubu. bubu. bubu. o?ya?, ?ina?. o?ya?, ?ina? . Qin birodalom. Ho(ld)anya.:-)

Eredetkérdés Többen feltételezik a formózai kiáramlást a bevándorlás helyett. Filippino: water=DaNum > Basay "lanum" > Kavalan: "zanum".
Hálót sző az est, a nagy barna PÓK... Basay: pakaw; Kawalan: paqaw = spider/pók Popalia: pau. Marquesa: puka. Vitu: pakuku. Malay: laba-laba.
Ami nu-tipan, Taokas tipan, Babuza tsipan ‘west.’
*sakay=walk > Basay "cakay" > Kavalan: "saqay".
*lima > Bas cima, Kav rima, Ami lima, Sir rima ‘hand’ (Kéz, öt ujj)
*iSiq > Ami isiQ ‘urine’ (pisi)
*tuNa > Ami tuda, Sir toula ‘eel’ (angolna, más nyelven "víz".)
*paNij > Sir pa-palis ‘wing’ (szárny. Bálisten?)
*Cangis > Bas tangice, Ami t-om-angic (Fey 1986:301), Sir tangi ‘weep’ (korbács. Eltángálnak vele.)
*teluH > Bas cuu, Kav turu, Ami tulu, Sir tou-touro ‘three’ (Három. a magyar igazság)
*pitu > Bas pitu, Kav pitu, Ami pitu, Sir pi-pitu ‘seven’ (hét csillagból van a Göncöl szekere, meg a Fiastyúk.)
*qamiS > Bas amis, Kav imis, Ami Qamis-an, Sir tag-amig ‘north’

Napjainkra 23 millió ember lakja Formozát, de csak fél millió az őslakos. A domináns nyelv a hódítók mandarin nyelve lett.

Mezőgazdaság eredete
Genetic data for traditional Taiwanese (Formosan) agriculture is essential for tracing the origins on the East Asian mainland of the Austronesian language family, whose homeland is generally placed in Taiwan. Three main models for the origins of the Taiwanese Neolithic have been proposed: origins in coastal north China (Shandong); in coastal central China (Yangtze Valley), and in coastal south China.
Early and traditional Formosan agriculture was based on foxtail millet, broomcorn millet and rice. We trace this suite of cereals to northeastern China in the period 6000–5000 BCE and argue, following earlier proposals, that the precursors of the Austronesians, expanded south along the coast from Shandong after c. 5000 BCE to reach northwest Taiwan in the second half of the 4th millennium BCE.

A körkapu népének útja? (To-kar)

Mounds - Kunhalmok a világban. Scythian burial mounds.
Silla tombs -s were a lot like the Etruscan or Mycenean burial mounds rather than Chinese platform mounds. Hainan: Since being on the island, we’ve seen several unusual graveyards. They are filled with high mounds of earth, often topped by a tree branch or small rock..
Dunhuang felé, a hegyek lábánál is számos kunhalom akad. Ugyanitt találjuk a híres Mo-gao barlangokat.





Pesti István 2019 március


Mongolok
Vissza a KINA első részre
Vissza a KINA 8. részre
Nyitóoldal