Kína 3


Temetők a Távolkeleten


"Mohamed koporsói"

Érdekes temetési szokást találhatunk Távol-Keleten, amelyről az MTV filmes riportot is készített. Sajnos, ma már ez a film nem elérhető, de helyette meg lehet nézni a "Roswell-incidens" sorozatot és az "István, a király"-t...

Vendel kor Kínában

Hajó alakú sírokra bukkantak Kínában
Kínai régészek 28 darab 1300 éves, hajó formájú sírra bukkantak Sanhszi tartományban. Bár ez a temetkezési szokás nem ismeretlen a kínai történelemben, a leletegyüttes a régészek körében nagy meglepetést okozott, mivel eddig úgy hitték, hogy a Tang-dinasztia idején az egyáltalán nem volt jellemző.

Koporsók

Most ancient civilizations buried their dead under the ground, a few burned them on pyres. But there are some that placed bodies of the dead in coffins and hung the coffins on a precipice. Coffins have been found from 18 counties in various provinces, some containing hundreds of samples. The age of some preserved artifacts ranges over 13 centuries from the Jin Dynasty (265AD-420AD) to the Ming Dynasty (1368AD-1644AD). But the practice dates much further back. Archaeologists have found hanging coffins in Wuyi Mountain from as far back as the Zhou Dynasty (1027BC-777BC).
The Ba culture survived for over 3,000 years but the last known descendant is believed to have died out as recently as 400 years ago (though the funeral practice ended centuries earlier). The earliest known example of their funeral practices is believed to be one dating 2,500 years ago found at Three Gorges.

Hanging
Evaluation of biological affinities based on multivariate craniometry indicates that the hanging coffin people are unique, being distant from modern mainland Asian groups and rather close to the Neolithic Zhenpiyan of south China. The peripheral position of the hanging coffin people relative to the mainland Asian groups appears to parallel the situation seen with modern Andaman islanders, or aboriginal Australians.

Jázok

The Bo, who flourished for some 400 years in the Hemp Pond Valley in Southwest China's Gongxian County, are known in local annals as Ya Ze--"Sons of the Cliffs." They were also called Tu Tian, "Subjugators of the Sky," because it was apparently their perverse nature to "struggle against heaven."

A hanok előtt

The coffins, made of wood, possibly belong to the legendary Ba people who are thought to have inhabited the vast area which today comprises southern Shaanxi, Hubei and eastern Sichuan provinces and Chongqing Municipality during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), experts say.  Two of the coffins each contain a complete human skeleton dressed in silk clothes and wrapped in bamboo sheets. Also found in the coffins are a number of funerary objects, including bronze wine or food containers, weapons such as a bronze spear and ge (ancient Chinese weapon with a long shaft and a horizontal blade), bamboo bows, arrows and arrow cases.

Dragon-Tiger Mountain

These coffins, each made from a giant piece of Nanmu (a cedar-like kind of wood that is good for making furniture), vary in shape and size. There are "ship-shaped" coffins, which can contain as many as ten bodies, and "roof" coffins, which are in the shape of a house roof.

Fujian

This area was also the place for the kingdom of Minyue. The word "Minyue" was derived by combining "Min" (?/?; POJ: bân), perhaps an ethnic name and associated with the Chinese word for barbarians (?/?; pinyin: mán; POJ: bân), and "Yue", after the State of Yue, a Spring and Autumn Period kingdom in Zhejiang Province to the north. This is because the royal family of Yue fled to Fujian after their kingdom was annexed by the State of Chu in 306 BC. Min is also the name of the main river in this area, but the ethnonym is probably earlier.Ezena területen Bu-i Soa
hegyi területen (Wuyi Mnt.), a Min folyó forrásvidékén találunk függő koporsókat. /Bű hegy?/ Itt találjuk a hakka nép gyűrű szerű, földből épített erődházait is.

HUBEI
A "Spring and Autumn Period" (770 BC - 476 BC), Hubei egy erős állam, a Chu otthona. Hubei-t hívták az "ezer tó országá"-nak vagy a "kilenc fejű madár" országának is. Hubei tartomány nagy viziútjai a Jangce és a Hanshui folyók. Ásványkincsekben (pl.arany) gazdag.
Valamivel északnyugatibb tájon, Hubei területén szintén megtaláléjuk a függő koporsókat.
The Shen Nong Gorge has been inhabited since at least as early as the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD); the primary ethnic group of the gorge being the Thuja people. Early settlement history in the Shen Nong Gorge is evinced by the hanging coffins stowed in clefts on the vertical rock faces; it is mysterious as to how the heavy coffins were deposited on such steep, inhospitable bluffs. The coffins themselves are characteristically carved from a single solid tree trunk, which was approximately 90 centimetres in diameter

Opponens

Ya Hill also left several Palestinians of the ancient HANGING COFFIN, in a bank for the ship, visited an exhibition hall HANGING COFFIN. Museum HANGING COFFIN a special and profound memory, the coffin was buried together, the hostess was smashed in the head, were killed after the estimate was buried with the dead, and also to think too cruel.

Badong
is a port city that linked Hubei and Sichuan. Several kilometers away lay a nature reserve with unspoiled scenery - Shennong Stream, a tributary to Yangtze. Its virgin forests and green mountains are exceptionally rich in plant life and home to the endangered Golden Monkey. The mountains reach up over 3,000 m and only Boat Trackers environmental friendly boats are allowed to navigate along Shennong Stream. Hanging coffins, an extraordinary burial system cultivated among Tujia (a primary ethic live along Yangtze) used to be an endemic in this area. The coffin was made of huge tree trunk and usually positioned on wooden planked nailed to the cliff of the mountains along this stream. The belief of buried high, as close as possible to the sky will allow the soul to be closer to God.

Függő koporsók Yunnan
területéről is ismertek.

Bayu Culture
A bo nép temetkezésénél a legismertebb a függő koporsó.
Bayu dance and songs are considered to be the most important elements of Bayu Culture. Additionally, Ba people brewed their own fine wine, had their own burial ceremonies (boat coffin, hanging coffin and other kinds of burials). They had symbolized character, totems, bronze sculptures, fascinating legends and myths. These are all symbols of Bayu Culture.

Érdekesség
Egy feltárt han sirból előkerült "T" forma, yulu hangszer stb.
Hunan területén még...
..de Csungking sem marad le
6. Bad Peoples Hanging Coffins: Is one of the ancient histories, it is interesting to see the display of about 108 hanging coffins in Bawu Gorge in Chongqing.

A "XIANYUN "ejtése valami SIANJUN. Ha az "fehér" is volt "BEI", akkor beisianjun. Az meg már majdnem besenyő..
"An ancient stone coffin dating back 2,000 to 3,000 years ago has been excavated in Fengning County in north China's Hebei Province. "

Képeskönyv
Függő koporsók a Fülöp szigeteken
When you go to Sagada caves in Philippines there are hanging coffins to be found on the cliffs made of limestone....north of Manila, the people of Sagada have devised a unique burial ritual
Nevek egy csoportképen, Fülöp szigetek: "Me, Tine, Itang, Chibe, Fio and Ems"
Térkép
A függő koporsós terület a Fülöp szigetek északi részén levő nagy szigeten, Luzon területén van. (Mint Manila) Érdekes módon a Tisza stb nevek délebbre, Cebu felé találhatók..

Batak Luzon
The word "Batak" is said to be an old Cuyunon term that means "mountain people." They have a very small population, and are feared to become extinct after a few years. Their population progressively decreased over the years.In the early 1900s, they numbered around 600, but a head count conducted in 1970 showed that there were only 393 tribesmen left.

Iráj
The Iraya occupy the northwestern part of Mindoro, where one of the country's highest peaks, Mount Halcon, is located. The word Iraya is derived from the prefix "i" - denoting people, and "raya", a variation of "laya" which means "upstream," "upriver" or "upland". Thus the meaning of the word is "people from upstream" or "uplanders". (hegylakók)

Bo nép
A bó-k agrárkultúrája is színvonalas volt. A tömegsírokban megtalált szövetfoszlányokból egyértelműen mutatják, hogy ismerték a selyemhernyót és kiváló minőségű selymet, illetve vásznat tudtak készíteni.

Yue
A Wuyi-hegységnél nemcsak festői szép a természeti látvány, hanem hosszú történelmi múltja is lebilincseli a látogatókat. A legkorábbi kínai dinasztiák idején, a Xia, a Shang, és a Nyugati Han, valamint a Déli Song-dinasztiában többször is volt aranykora a hegység tájegységének. Említettük már a függő koporsókat, ezek az ősrégi Yue nemzetiség kultúrájának emlékét őrzik. Ők a holttestet koporsóba tették, majd a magasba függesztették. A jellegzetes ősi han falut is megtaláljuk ezen a tájon.

Korai hajósok
The "Boat-coffins" in Wuyi mountains can be dated back to about 3800---4000 years ago. It is the originating place of the "Boat-coffins" because of its special geographic environment and cultural history.
The Boat-coffin culture is the living fossil of Wuyi history. Drifting down the Nine-bend River you'll find the "fairy boats" in the crevice high up on the cliffs on the banks.

Min-yue
Human settlement on the slopes of Mount Wuyi can be traced back 4,000 years by archeological remains. During the Western Han Dynasty, the ancient city of Chengcun was the capital of the Minyue kingdomn. In the 7th century, the Wuyi Palace was built for emperors to conduct sacrificial activities, a site that tourists can still visit today.

Shia
Emerald Gorge (Dicui Xia) (so named because of its emerald green color) spans 12 miles and is the longest and most charming of the three gorges. Madu River
, the Mini Three Gorges, plank road and Boat Coffins
are popular sites for visitors to appreciate.

Vietnam
A joint Australian-Vietnamese archaeological team has unearthed a well-preserved burial boat belonging to the Dong Son culture that resided in the Red River region around 100BC.

Hajósok
"Mysteries remain from the area’s long history of diverse human occupation. One of the most compelling is that of the ancient teak coffins found in caves and hillside niches throughout the area. These boat-like coffins, carved from solid logs, have been dated by C14 to between 2200 and 1600 years before present. Little is known about them: who made them, why they were placed in caves, the status of those interred, whether they were primary or secondary burial sites, are all mysteries."

Stone Coffins
Távoli nép
Nyima megyében (Nagqu prefektúra) találtak 2001-ben kőkoporsókat. Előbbről csak Lahsa területéről volt ismert két példány. Míg a Sichuanban találtakat a 3-4 ezer éve létezett észak-kínai nagy birodalom rovására írták, itt már tengerentúli importot emlegetnek.

Hebei
A talált kőkoporsókat a Kr.e. 1 évezredre datálják, s a SHANRONG nép javára írják.
Sichuan
Anyang (Shang főváros) területén talált jóscsont felirata hasonló egy Shanxi tartományban talált felirathoz. "Shu=függőleges szemű ember". Cancong (Kong Kán?) és a SHU nép a Min hegységben lakott, Sichuan és Gansu tartomány határán. Ennek a királynak a teste is feltételezhetően kőkoporsóba került, amely aztán mintául szolgált a SHU nép temetkezésének..

Japán
szigetein is akad némi hasonlóság..
Yayoi

Another important feature of Yayoi culture: manufacture of cloth, woven on primitive looms from plant fibers. --Dead buried either in large clay urns or heavy stone coffins. This, and presence of stone structures (dolmens) over some grave sites, also signals Chinese influence. In addition, some graves are set apart from other groupings and filled with precious artifacts--scholars believe that this suggests a classed society. --Some experts suggest that Yayoi culture was the result of large Mongolian invasion/immigration from across Korean Strait during 2nd and 1st centuries B. C. Invaders brought with them the wet cultivation of rice, the methods for weaving cloth, and the process for smelting and forging iron into crude tools and weapons (a highly disputed theory).

Kína
ÉK-i részén is kőkoporsó 5500 évvel ezelőttről.
Tang kor
An international seminar on the culture of the Tang Dynasty (618-907) opened today in this capital city of northwest China's Shaanxi Province. Ancient Chinese civilization...historians and archaeologists studying the Tang ... The largest Tang dynasty stone coffin ever found in China...

Ókori sirok
a Dongguo folyó mentén..
Celebesz felé
Bali Museum in Denpasar has many interesting parts to it...In the main building was an ancient stone Sarcophagus. The Sarcophafus is a stone coffin from prehistoric times (600BC-800AD), used to bury the dead body of the village leader. These are the smallest type of Sarcophagus where the corpse is folded into 3. The examples on display were found at Petang in Badung and Nongen in Karangasem.

Még kő..
In the Ba Yu District, the pictured stone of burials are found in the cliff graves and stone coffins. It has specific feature of the place. Hu Xi is the first man in the ancient legend of "three kings and five emperors". Nu Wo is the first god of Chinese people. It is said that she used the wet soil to mould the shape of a man. She creates our ancestors. In the picture on the stone coffin in Bishan, the intertwining of underside snake-tails of Hu Xi and Nu Wo symbolizes the harmonious relationship of lovemaking between husband and wife.
This group picture of toads is molded on the images of toads in the wonderland picture of the Wife of the West King on the stone coffin in Nan Xi and the stone coffin in Pengshan, Sichuan. Toad, popularly named "Lai Ha Mo" in China, is an ugly small animal in the biological world. In the picture of Han Dynasty, Toad is the chief master who makes the wonder drug for the Wife of the West King.

Kőkoporsó
Archaeologists discovered more than 20 ancient tombs with stone coffins dating back nearly 2,800 years ago in southwestern China's Sichuan province
"They are quite similar to the stone coffins of the ancient Qiang people, a nomadic tribe used to live in the current northwestern part of China more than 3,000 years ago, which werealso found the valleys of the Yalong River, Minjiang River and Jinsha River in Sichuan," said Chen.
"The coffin owners may be from a branch of the tribe, which moved from the north,"
Fekete kőből
People rarely visit Gowang Lake, 4,650 meters above sea level. Since its development in the 1970s, herdsmen have started living there, but they have no tradition of stone coffin burials. In addition, there are no black rocks, used to make the stone coffins, around the area.
Sci-fi oldalról
A hunok előtti primitív népek Kína környékén is piramisokat építettek. Japánban meg a víz alatt találunk építményeket.

Húsevő
The stone coffins used since ancient times to store bodies above ground are known as sarcophagi (singular: sarcophagus). In addition, there is a family of flies with the eerily similar scientific name; Sarcophagidae.

Read more: "Etymology of a Sarcophagus: The Linguistic Connection between Flies and Coffins". The word comes from a combination of two Greek words, sarko (sarkw), meaning “flesh” and phagos (fagos), meaning “to eat.” So, the word sarcophagus, as a combination of these two words, simply means "flesh eating."

Sötét kor a  Peloponnesoson
Each of the coffins, also known as a sarcophagus, was found in Ancient Corinth and dates back to 900 to 875 BC - a period known as the early Geometric period.

Fából

Beijing--Chinese archaeologists have found for the first time a 2,500-year old tomb containing more than 40 coffins made of a rare wood called nanmu in eastern Jiangxi province. The tomb, 16 meters long, about 11.5 meters wide and three meters deep, is located at Lijia village in Jing'an county. It is believed to date back to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-221 B.C.), said Fan Changsheng, director of the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology.

Angolul nem beszélők kedvéért a lényegesbbnek tűnő rész:

Jó 3000 évvel ezelőtt Kína északi részén volt egy ország, amely a múmiák alapján a fehér ember területe volt. Tán maga a mítikus Sambhala. Számos kőemlék maradt utánuk, itt pl a kőkoporsók vannak kiemelve. Úgy Kr.e. 700 táján ez a nép min. megfogyatkozott a tájon. (Ez az a kor, amikor fellépnek Európában az etruszkok, albánok, kelták.) Gyaníthatóan ennek a népnek egy része délre költözött, mert Sichuan környékén is megjelennek a kőkoporsók. Itt találkoznak egy Pacific térségéből érkező másik néppel, amely a függő koporsók népe, Szecsuan területén a Bo nép. Úgy tűnik, a két nép között hosszabb együttélés alakult ki.
Sichuan speciális terület. Nem messze van a Csángó folyótól. Itt található Mianyang és Aba, Madoi városok. Min hegység és a Bajan-Kara hegység, ahol az ufókutatók aratnak.
Piramisok Kína térségében is vannak, de építőjüket nem ismerjük. Igaz, ezek zömében szimpla földpiramisok, vagy ha kőből vannak, akkor kicsik. Egy biztos: A kőbaltás ember nem emelt piramist.
Nem csak azért, mert szellemileg nem állhatott olyan szinten, de idejét is a táplálék megszerzésével töltötte a kor alacsony termelési színvonala miatt. Viszont a kérdést nem lehet a szőnyeg alá söpörni, mert az történelemhamisítás. Miként a tiltott régészet is az...

Csónakos
2500-Y-Old Boat Coffin to Reveal Mysterious Chinese
A boat-shaped coffin and large numbers of ancient artifacts dated back to 2500 years ago have recently been unearthed in southwest China.
a boat-shaped coffin dating back nearly 2,500 years has unearthed recently in southwest China’s Sichuan Province, giving expectation to reveal true history of a mysterious kingdom in the area.
Boat-shaped coffins were used in burial ritual peculiar in the ancient Ba-Shu area. “The discovery is of great value to the study of the origin and development of culture as well as economic exchanges of the Shu Kingdom, he said.

Függő koporsók
"Bó nép: Kihalt ázsiai nép volt, a mai Délnyugat-Kína területén. A történelem keveset tud róluk, napjainkban kezdődött meg az eredetük és kultúrájuk feltárását célzó kutatások."
"A kínai krónikákból mindössze utalások vannak róluk és jellegzetes temetkezési szokásaikról, leginkább a leigázásuk történetét mondják el, mely a Ming-dinasztia idején következett be. A bók hallottaikat fakoporsókba helyezték és a koporsókat meredek sziklafalakra tették fel."

In more than fifty years since the founding of the P. R. China many tombs with stone coffins have been discovered in the Tibetan-and-Qiang-inhabited areas of Sichuan. The stone coffins were found not only at the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, but also at the Dadu River and Yarlung River, and even in Xiaojin, Jinchuan, Danba, Kangding, Dawu, Luhuo, Garze, Derge, Baiyu, Xinlong, Yajiang, and Batang at the upper reaches of Jisha River. There areas all have ancient pillboxes, though the number varies. The ancient pillboxes have some apparent connections with tomb burial and stone coffins. The most important connection is that same people created the two cultures. The difference was that one was a hidden culture, buried under the earth, and the other as expressional culture still survives on the surface.

 ˇ°San Xingduiˇ± is defined as a ninth world wonder. It filled with mystical religion charming. There are a plenty of unearthed beautiful, wonderful and mystical artifacts by finding the San Xingdui with 3000-year historical civilization. Meantime, it brings us a series of surprised doubts and suspicions. It impacts the world greatly to find and excavate the San Xingdui. The mystical ancient Su nation is exposed its mystical veil.

Ezekből az 500 lb (cca 250 kg) súlyú koporsókból mintegy 90 db-ot találtak a sziklafalak mentén. Mint mondják, ez a nép vékony ruhát viselt télen és vastagot nyáron védendő testüket a hőhatástól. Nagy földalatti járatokat készítettek. Fejlett volt a mezőgazdaságuk és ismerték a selyemgyártást.

Video


Zhou - Az 5 csengő a pentaton dallamra utal?

Vajh milyen üzenetet hordoz a bronzon levő 230 karakter?

Mound Tombs in Jiangsu

A number of burials in the valley were housed in boat-shaped coffins. The terraces (tudun) have long attracted archaeological interest, but it was not until last year that archaeologists undertook an excavation of them.

At 3,000 year old graves on the banks of the Keriya river near Liushui village in Yutian county, Xinjiang, archaeologists in 2005 were surprised to discover copper knives, arrowheads and bracelets, but especially an iron knife

Lábasok

The bird patterns found at the Gaomiao ruins were dated as being some 400 years earlier than the phoenix designs discovered on ivory objects unearthed from the 7,000-year-old Hemudu site in southeast China's Zhejiang Province.

Falak


Shambhala


Sambhala
egy mítikus ország a tibetieknél. Négy ezüst sáv: Azt tartják, hogy a Jungdrung Guceg hegytől négy folyó ered. Szembetűnő hasonlóság, hogy a Tiszé szent hegyétől is négy nagyobb folyó ered (a Járlung Cángpó, mely Indiában a Brahmaputra (K), az Indus (É), a Szátledzs (NY) és a Karnali (D)), s több vallás is (bönpó, hindu, dzsaina, buddhista) szentként tiszteli. A négy folyó a négy égtáj felé ered: azok erejét az indiánok is tisztelik, használják...
Hét király:
Szucsandrát követte még hat király, s hetüket úgy hívják, a hét Csögyel (w. chos-rgyal), szanszkitul Dharmarádzsa, ami azt jelenti: Tankirály. A hetedik Kr.e. 276-ig uralkodott.

Samb
és egy szószedetből: engMeiteiLex('fence','sambal','N','S','Ne','mana sambal ama sari','he is a building a fence') Lehet, hogy az a mítikus ország be volt kerítve? Esetleg kőfallal?

Tornyok


Szögletes tornyok
The pillboxes built by Cancong and Ranlong people were somehow related to tomb burial with stone coffins. Many modern scholars have confirmed the historical details with historical documentation, archeological excavation and folk legends. Mr. Ma Changshou said: "There are many stone-coffin tombs in the areas of Wenchuan, Lixian and Maoxian counties to the north of Guanxian county. The Qiang people consider them as tombs of the Ge people. In the light of the custom of stone coffins and a large number of weapons found in the tombs, this culture must belong to that of "the tomb of the men with vertical eyes" in ancient kingdom of Shu." Many ancient objects of the culture were related to the Han culture and the Hun culture between Qin and Han Dynasties."

Gyanítom, hogy a RAN az az ALAN változata, s már Taiwan területén is találkozhattunk a szóval..

Tola?
To the east of Minjiang the houses are ordinary and to the west they are in the form of a pillbox. The further westward, the more pillboxes are found. From Zagunao Trashiling to the Greater and Lesser Jinchuan, pillboxes characterize all Gyarong inhabited areas. From the characteristics stated above it can be seen that the Ranlong people of the Han Dynasty were the predecessors of the Jialiang Yi people of the Sui and Tang Dynasties ad the predecessors of the modern Gyarong Tibetans."
On the origin of ancient pillboxes in the northwest Sichuan

Falak


Nagy Fal
Around 500 BC: The period of Spring and Autumn (770-476 BC) but mostly during the age of Warring States Period (475-221 BC) the Wei, Zhao, Qin and Yan Principalities from the North of China endowed themselves of defensive walls, later built along the rivers, in order to protect themselves from one another, or against northern barbarians. In fact, these wanderers were only the tribes that the Principalities had either progressively pushed away to the North, or absorbed, by depriving them of their estates.

A hunok nagy falazók voltak, bár a szabadkőművesség még nem volt ismert. Itt azt olvashatjuk, hogy már a "Spring and Autumn" periódusban a hun hercegek falépítésbe fogtak védendő önmagukat egymástól és a turk hunoktól. A képekből is látszik, hogy ezek a falak még zömében földből épültek.

A földsánc része
One area is Mongolia’s Hentii Province, at Ogloochiin Hereem, a site which includes a 3-kilometre wall, possibly once a stone fort.

Pesti István 2009 december


KINA 4. része Vissza a KINA első részre
Nyitóoldal