A Hold folyó forrásvidéke

Hold-folyó - Ammun.
Jay-hun
..ahol a GIHON folyó hömpölyög...
In classical antiquity, the river was known as the Oxus in Greek language --a clear derivative of Vakhsh; the name of the largest tributary of the Amu. It was known as Jayhun (Johiya Jat clan) or Gihun in ancient Arabic sources. Jayhun was likely influenced by Dgihun, the traditional name given to it by the people who inhabited its surrounding region.

In Vayu Purana and Matsya Purana, the Oxus is mentioned as the river Chakshu, flowing through the countries of Tusharas (Takhar Jat clan) (Rishikas?), Lampakas (Lamba Jat clan, Pahlavas (Pahlawat, Paradas (Parauda Jat clan) and Shakas etc.

One source of the Amu Darya is the Pamir River, which emerges from Lake Zorkul/Victoria in the Pamir Mountains (ancient Mount Imeon), flowing east to Ishtragh, where it turns north and then east north-west through the Hindu Kush as the Panj River, forming the border of Afghanistan and Tajikistan where it passes the Tajik-Afghan Friendship Bridge, and subsequently the border of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan for about 200 km, passing Termez and the Afghanistan-Uzbekistan Friendship Bridge. It follows the border of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan for another 100 km before it flows into Turkmenistan at Kerki. As Amudarya, it flows across Turkmenistan south to north, passing Turkmenabat, and forms the border of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan from Khalkabad (Kalkal Jat clan). It is then split into many waterways that used to form the river delta joining the Aral Sea, passing Urgench (Ark Jat clan), Dashoguz (Dasharna Jat clan) and other cities, but it does not reach what is left of the sea anymore and is lost in the desert.

Another claimed source of the Amu Darya is an ice cave at the end of the Waghjir Valley, located in the Wakhan Corridor, in the Pamir Mountains, on the border with Pakistan. A glacier turns into the Wakhan river and joins the Pamir River about 50 km downstream.

Oxus
This folk etymology, charming as it is, does little to really explain the origin of the rather surprising name, Da Qin. It is reminiscent of the rather similar names for Ferghana – Dayuan = ‘Great Yuan,’ (Nagy Hold) and for Bactria – Daxia = ‘Great Xia’ (Nagy Shia)

the country designated as Ta-ch’in (“Greater Ch’in”) (Nagy Erő) was to be identified with the Roman East. Although the term Ch’in referred to the Chinese as early as the second century A.D., the name Ta-ch’in perhaps is best understood as simply a reflection of Ch’in as the western region of China, i.e. Ta-ch’in represents the country beyond and comparable to Ch’in

Kangju certainly controlled the oasis of Tashkent (which was possibly the administrative centre of their kingdom) and the middle and lower reaches of the Syr Darya or Jaxartes (also known in ancient times as the Kanga or the Jayhun) river, and they almost certainly also had control of the rich grazing lands and trade routes along the valleys of the Chu and Talas rivers.

Gihon
that Ethiopians have long identified the Gihon with the Abay River, which encircles the former kingdom of Gojjam Modern, and Arabic scholars have sought to identify the "land of Cush" with Hindu Kush, and Gihon with Amu Darya (Dghon in Arabic) because Amu Darya was known in Arabic antiquity as Jayhun. The Hindu Kush is a Mountain range located between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Amu Darya (formerly Oxus River the Greeks (Ptolemeus called it Oxiana palus) is the longest river in Central Asia. [2"> This was a derivative of Dgihon, or Gjhon as it is still known by local Afghani, and Uzbeki tribes.

Szóba került PUNJAB, az öt folyó völgye.
of course there are no longer 5 rivers.. more like 3 1/2 rivers.
Punj folyó: a Hold folyó felső szakasza. Forrása: Imeon hegy (Pamir), Zorkul tó.

Idegen fórum
also "Punja" means claw and "Bi" means woman .. (short of Bibi) .. so Punjabi could mean . claw of a woman .. Magyarán: Punjab="Az asszony karma" Milyen meglepő, hogy "karom" terület volt!

A szikeknél a "Tigris karom = Bagh Nakha"
Szőnyeg
Panja weaving forms part of India's glorious weaving tradition. This craft is mostly used for making durries, light woven rugs used as floor covering. The craft gets its name from a metallic claw-like tool called panja in the local dialect, used to beat and set the threads in the warp.

Érdekességnek Pun háború
Pur-but-ee=Hegylakó

Badacsony

"Badakhshan, sometimes spelled "Badakshan", was known by medieval Arab and European writers as "Balascian"; the name "balas" ruby, mentioned by Marco Polo, is still found in gemmology and defines the "lale badakhshan" that was then considered the finest form of ruby (technically spinel) and is still mined in Gorno-Badakhshan."

The Pamir region (Gorno-Badakhshan) was incorporated into the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) in 1925.
Politically, the Pamir peoples have always been heterogenous. Formerly the Yazgulami, for example, were connected with Darvaz through Vandzh, belonging, as did the latter, to the state of Darvaz. The speakers of the Shughni-Roshani languages constituted the states of Shughnan and Roshan.
A ROSH-AN név még Svájcban is előfordul. Viszont az ork gyerekek számos internetes játékot készítettek, ahol a roshan szó szerepel. Elég megtalálni a valódi Roshan-t. Pedig számunkra érdekes lehet...
Nyelv Mir-Djalali chose the name Roshan, which means clear or bright in Persian
Érdekességnek: Perzsa celeb

A Panj folyónál

(claw=karom) /Pamir, a Punjabtól északra/
Croatian claw:
(n) šapa , kuka , čeljust , škare , kandža , pandža zgrabiti , zakvačiti pandžama
Olasz claw:
ARTIGLIO. UNGHIONE. ZAMPA. CHELA. PINZA. GRANCHIO. ARTIGLIARE. GRAFFIAR
Portugál claw:
v. arranhar, unhar s. garra, unha; saca-pregos; alicate
Francia claw:
v. déchirer de ses griffes n. griffe (d'oiseau); patte; pince (de langouste)
Spanyol claw:
v. dar zarpazos a, aranar, dar aranazos a s. garra, zarpa; tenaza, pinza
Azt írják, a héber "karom" már nem maradt fenn... Nos, gyanúm szerint "kohan" lehetett...

Pandzs

The Panj River ([pand?">) also called the Pyandzh River or Piandj River (Tajik: ????) is a tributary of the Amu Darya. The river is 1,125 km long and forms a consideable part of the Afghanistan - Tajikistan border.
Vanj folyó
The Vanj River is a tributary to the Panj River in Gorno-Badakhshan, central Tajikistan.
Modern kelet-iráni nyelvek:
Oroshori · Ormuri · Ossetic · Parachi · Pashto · Roshani (Roshni) · Sanglechi · Sarikoli · Shughni · Wakhi · Vanji ·
Képek
..a környéken nincs kőhiány..
Folyó van sok. Pl: the Bartang (the Oksu, the Murghab) /Fehérvíz, Madarak folyója/
Turista Badacsonyban
Külön engedély nélkül látogatható:
The GBAO permit will list the regions in Gorno-Badakhshan that you are allowed to visit, which will be some or all of: Khorog, Murghab, Ishkashim, Vanj, Rushan and Darvaz.
Badakhshan
The name Kohistan-Badakhshan comes from Persian, where it expresses the meaning Mountainous Badakhshan. Száz éve a Vend nyelv eltünt...
...miként a kar-ant-an nép véli...
Vandal terület?
mossul össze mind a kettőt!
"6438. Boiled rice, food: van.t.akamu food, boiled rice (Te.); van.d.u to cook, dress, boil, prepare (Te.); van.t.a cooking, anything cooked (Te.); van.t.aka~_d.u cook (Te.); vadd (vatt-) to cook (Nk.); vend-, vend.- id. (Pa.); vand.- id. (Ga.); vanj- (vanc-) id. (Pe.); vanj- id. (Mand..); vaja (vaji-) id.;

Imeon

Mennyei hegy
The Tian Shan (Chinese: ?? ("celestial mountains"[1">); Pinyin: Tian Shan; Uyghur: ???????? Tengri Tagh), also commonly spelled Tien Shan, is a mountain range located in Central Asia. The Chinese name for Tian Shan or Tien Shan, may in turn go back to a Xiongnu name, qilian (??) reported by the Shiji

Szó esik itt az Iszik tó-ról és a Borohoro hegyről is.
Imeon
A gaz bul-gar nép egyik őshazája. (Krum kán írtotta ki egy szálig avar őseinket! t.i. Nagykároly után..)
Mount Imeon is an ancient name for the Central Asian complex of mountain ranges comprising the present Hindu Kush, Pamir and Tian Shan
Mount Imeon was famous for its lapis lazuli deposits in western Badakhshan

Answers
The Tian Shan (Chinese: ?? ("celestial mountains"); Pinyin: Tian Shan; Uyghur: ???????? Tengri Tagh), also commonly spelled Tien Shan, is a mountain range located in Central Asia. The Chinese name for Tian Shan or Tien Shan, may in turn go back to a Xiongnu name, qilian (??) reported by the Shiji as the last place where they met and had their baby as in of the Yuezhi, which has been argued[2"> to refer to the Tian Shan rather than to the range 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) further the east now known by this name. A nearby mountain range, the Tannu-Ola Mountains (Tuvan: ?????-???? Tangdy-Uula), also bears a synonymous name ("heaven/celestial mountains" or "god/spirit mountains").

and ? (fu) which translates into "man",
"FU" means gentleman.

Fu-nan means something like "Rich South". Seems a more sensible explanation to me (and some historians ). Especially since the Chinese also gave names like "Viet-nam( south viet )and An-nam ( pacified south )for what is now North Vietnam.
the pre-khmer kingdom called "Fu-nan (now in south Vietnam and Cambodia ) in Chinese records. A régi han nyelvben nem volt "F" hang. Helyette többnyire "B"-t használtak. Ezért Funan neve is valami Bunan lehetett. (Ban-nan ?) /Ferenike -Berenice?/

idegen fórumról
Near Mount Imeon (present day Pamyr and Hindukush), the most ancient Bulgarian land, one of the earliest agricultural civilisations of the East developed 4000-5000 years ago. It is evident from the preserved sources that the Bulgarians and their neighbouring peoples were related to this civilisation. Historical science did not possess any concrete facts about that for a long time. A valuable hand-written copy of the ancient Armenian geography “Ashharatsuits” has been found recently. In it, the Bulgarians are mentioned among the 15 old trade and craftsmanship peoples, which inhabited the area between Persia and Turkestan in the foothills of Mount Imeon.

Little is known of the relations between the Bulgarians and the Saks. It is known though that the Saks spoke a language of the Eastern-Iranian type, which was close to the Sogdian language. They resembled the ancient Bulgarians in their outer appearance; there is information about that in the Indian sources. In the Arabic chronicles, the Bulgarians were called by two parallel names, Bulgarians and Sakalibs.

Másik fórum
in the VI century Zachary Ritor mentions in his "Church History," the Bulgarians, or at least some of them are towns. Coming south of Danube Bulgarians come with their own construction equipment and techniques other than the then Byzantine construction. Hardly nomads could build such monumental building as a Krum's palace in Pliska , which significantly exceeds its size throne room of Theodoric in Ravenna and Charlemagne in Aachen. Or nomads, would hardly have built buildings in Saltovo mayatskata-culture and those in Dagestan. Also in question are Iranian arhetecture lines in Bulgarian. According to Andrej Protic, Bogdan Filov and Geza Feher parallels of the palace buildings in Pliska and Preslav are found in traditional Persian architecture and in particular mansion in Hatra II-III century III Firusabad century Sarvistan V-VI century and no doubt that the ancient Bulgarian temples have their direct analogues in the Iranian fire temples. Madara Horseman also has analogues in the face of such Iranian monuments such parallels can be considered the relief of Shapur I of Naksh-i-Rustam.

Bulgar őshaza
Kingdom of Balhara was a state situated in the upper course of Oxus River (present Amu Darya), and the foothills and valleys of Hindu Kush and Pamir Mountains (ancient Mount Imeon).

Jajhun
The Kara Kum Canal (c.500 mi/800 km long) carries water from the Amu Darya near Kelif across S Turkmenistan to Ashgabat and supplements the flow of the Tejen and Murgab rivers. One source of the Amu River is the Pamir River, which emerges from Lake Zorkul (once also known as Lake Victoria) in the Pamir Mountains (ancient Mount Imeon), and flows west to Qila-e Panja, where it joins the Wakhan River to form the Panj River.

Nomádok
Himalaya (Imaos) ?
Imeon Historical map of Mount Imeon based on the satellite image Hindu Kush satellite image
Turkmen map
Idegen fórum
Ancient bulgarians
According to the existing Byzantine and Syrian Medieval sources the most ancient Bulgarian land has been located at Mount Imeon, a name including the high mountain regions in Central Asia enclosing soutern Tadjikistan..

Heftaliták előtt vagy Shambhala után?
Kingdom of Balhara was a state situated in the upper course of Oxus River (present Amu Darya), and the foothills and valleys of Hindu Kush and Pamir Mountains (ancient Mount Imeon). Established ca. seventh century BC.
Kamboja
Holdfolyó
The Kara Kum Canal (c.500 mi/800 km long) carries water from the Amu Darya near Kelif across S Turkmenistan to Ashgabat and supplements the flow of the Tejen and Murgab rivers. /Murga = madár/
The Amu Darya (Persian: ???????, Amudarya; Pashto: ? ??? ???, d? Amu Sin), also called Oxus and Amu River, is a major river in Central Asia. It is formed by the junction of the Vakhsh and Panj rivers. /Panj = karom/

Marginálisan
Local people met Alexander with bread and chicken. He liked the meal and asked about it. He received a reply: "Murginon" which meant "chicken and bread". From that memorable day the town was named as "Marghilan".

More reliable records indicate that Margilan was an important stop on the Silk Road by the 9th century AD, along the route going across the Alay Mountains (ancient Mount Imeon) to Kashgar.

Ürképek
Asparukh nyelve
TOKH – a cock // TUKH – a hen (Sarikoli)
TOKHOL – a son, a child // TEKHEL – a child (Sarikoli)

Sivatagi táj - annyira csúnya, hogy már szép.
It is bounded by the Kunlun Mountains to the south, and the Pamir Mountains and Tian Shan (ancient Mount Imeon) to the west and north.

Script
Most interesting in the inscriptions of Murfatlar is probably the ancient origin of their alphabet. Its oldest counterpart was found in the proximity of Imeon, i.e. in the area inhabited by the Proto-Bulgarians before their settling in Europe.

Jungaria
Az Imeon hegység (Tien shan) és az Altaj közötti terület.

Tuva felé

Madár
Kul Tigin - A tó hercege
In 731 Kül-Tegin fell ill and died. A stele in memory of Kul Tigin, which included inscriptions in both the Turkic and Chinese, was erected a his memorial complex at the present site of Khoshoo-Tsaidam-2

A nép madara
Prince Kül-Tegin descended from the "Gold (Kagan’s) clan of the ancient Türkic dynastic tribe Ashina (Hot.-Sak. blue) called Shar-Duly (Middle Persian zarr duli "Golden bird Duli", i.e. "Golden/Red Raven"). All royal Oguzes traced their descent from this mythical bird Dulu/Tulu.

Holló
His ongon, i.e. holy bird 176, was a hawk or water eagle (su berkuti)177. According to the Persian explanatory dictionaries, the name of Chubinak means “water bird”(murgh-I obi) or “bird of river” (murgh-I daryoii)178. It seems, that such coincidence of the meanings of these names (Karkin and Chubinak) is not accidental, and it is very probably, that one of them is a calque of another.

..the Turkish tribes of Central Asia, the ongon of whom was a bird - a raven (a crow), water eagle or a crane183. This tribe could be in ancient times a part the tribal confederation of the Parthian Arsakids184, and later lake the Hionits, the Kidarits, the Ephtalits and the Turks185, was in the service of early Sasanids186, and later representatives of that dynasty

The description of the Red Raven in form the eagle with extended wings was put on the tiara of the ancient Turkish prince Kul-tegin. Look: Zuev Yu.A. Rannie tyurki, pp. 24, 226.

Etel köz 3.
Stone statue from El’te-Kezhig site, Tuva Republic, the back side
nn
Later the image of otuz eg and sanshi sin has changed, became vague. Juvaini wrote "Uigurs believe that the beginning of their origin and growth was on the banks of the river Orkhon (Arq?n), with its sources in the Kara-Korum mountain... and thirty rivers flow from it, along each river lived a different "tribe"
("Tai" is a generic name "mountain" in Türkic - Translator's Note), The ancient Türkic term er ("herr" in Germanic spelling - Translator's Note)

Tarka lovú szavárdok. Állati..
The Chinese name "Boma" (literally " Skewbald/motley horses", Türkic Ala-at, Alat) is an area on the river Narym. "Tszegu" is one of the forms of transmitting the term Kyrgyz.
A Távolkelet mesés világ. Megismerkedhettünk arra a fantasztikus filmek "tokar" népével, az "orkokkal", azoknak is az "uruk-hai" fajtájával és honukkal, vagy itt találkozz az "oraj" kifejezéssel:
There is a discussion (in Russian) on the history of the word kongurei
link: http://ustuhure.ru/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=63
Apparently kongurej (< xongoraj) was the name of a historical people, and the term was later on also applied to the region and settlement where these people lived. Supposedly the Tuvan word xooraj, town, city originates from this proper name.

This described form of unification of people, in the language of local population, received the name tolai (toly, toro), that is, an ethnopolitical union. The various “tolai” were used paired with the name Khoorai (TolaiKhoorai).

Most akkor ez a "tolai" szó "madaras" vagy "dombos" jelentésű?
Khongorai, (which is close to Zengoria), and in this area Khongorai is where our existing Kyrgyz and Urianchai nomadize and work”. (italics mine- Uriankhai is old name fro Tuva and TuvansHJ.)
..river Kurgusuyul (Khyrghys chul).. .river Kirgizka (Khyrghys chul).. ..és mit jelent az Isszik kul? /Iszik tó, Iszik folyó vagy Iszik víz?/
Yenisei from the confluence with Abakan river to river Ogur. The name, most likely, is derived from the Khongor “issarkhy) – inner (or, possibly, iskerki” – eastern?). The base population of of the ulus consisted of the Kyrgyz clans “Kereits” and Ezers”
v OldWords
tuva is taken to be from "pashto" tuhfa - gift - mint Ai-gipt-os?
Bo’la – a master (Vejnakh) Boul (Persian)
Imaet – a trustee, a guardian (Pamirian)
MIR – a court title, in the expression ZITKOI MIR from the Madara
Mikhr – a noble (Persian)
PECHAT – a seal

Magyarul a "hurok" szó eredetével kapcsolatban.
the old Russian name of Tuva — Urianchaiskiy krai.

Mongol tájakon

Ugra - Ulan Bator régi neve
The meaning of the name Ugra is 'Terrible; powerful '.
Nemes
The Sanskrit word ugra means powerful, mighty, strong or noble.
Ugor rokon
Today the territory of the Ugra land is better known as the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. They are Khanty, Mansi and Forest Nentsy (Selkupy). They number about 30 000 people. Szó esik itt nagy magyar tudósokról (Bobula Ida, Hámori Frédi..), meg Boldog Asszony anyánk és valami BÁBA meg GULA is szóba kerül. A GULA az sumer templom volt. (Meg torony a görögöknél és miniszterelnök a nemzet szocialistáinál.)
Szó esik itt még a sárga császár segítőiről: Chi Yu és fivérei. Ez nem "Kis Yugoszlávia" rövidítése, hanem kínaiasan a kisjueqi nép neve. Valami heftalita társaság...

Ugra Narasimha Temple
The Narasimha is a four-armed figure seated under the canopy of a seven-hooded snake. Beyond the Krishna Temple Complex is the famous but badly injured sculpture of Narasimha, carved out of a single boulder
Naraszimha= ember-oroszlán nara=ember és simha=oroszlán Csak errefelé a szfinx-szel(hun) ellentétbe és a germán leletekhez hasonlóan a test az emberi és a fej az oroszlánfej.

A megsemmisítő
"Ugra" means "Shiva". lord Shiva is believed to be the god of annihilation. So he is called "Ugra" or "the terrible".

Egy folyó neve
The Great standing on the Ugra is a river in Smolensk and Kaluga Oblasts in Russia, left tributary of Oka river. The river is known for the Great standing on the Ugra river. Ugra river (??????? c?????? ?? ???? ???? in Russian (??????? ????)

Rudra

Ugrasena He is mentioned as a ruler of Pälakka during the reign of Samudragupta. Ugra meaning 'powerful mighty or terrible', is another name of Rudra or Siva.
Ugra send asya: "having mighty army"
Lábfájás
gout -noun
Severe pain in the foot
Indian Sanskrit paadah means ‘foot’. ah is just a noun suffix.
ugra means ‘fierce’.
Greek podagra ‘gout’ (from paadah + ugra) derives from above Indian words.
d is our symbol for soft d sound as in this.
Elám-ulsz: Indian Tamil kenhdu po means ‘take away’. po means ‘go’.
euskara (Basque) kendu ‘to get out’ derives from it.
garret - padlásszoba (KAMRA)
Indian Urdu qamra means ‘room’ German die Bodenkammer ’garret’ derives from it.

India
Ugra-Tola egy falu Indiában. Mongóliában a Tola folyó mellett volt Ugra város.

Ogre - cAn be traced back to the sAnskrit term ugra meAning ‘violEnt’. ‘Ugra’ Also finds itself in Hungary. The "royal court of the dragon" opened by its then emperor in 18th century is still operative in Hungary!

(A "sánta klaus"-ból klaus=claw=karom.)

Sárkányrend
Dragonyosok
petrogliph

Az orkok hona The Old Turkic script (also Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script; , ) is the alphabetAlphabet An alphabet is a standardized set of letter basic written symbols each of which roughly represents a phoneme, a spoken language, either as it exists now or as it was in the past.... used by the Göktürk and other early Turkic groups from at least the 8th century to record the Old Turkic languageOld Turkic language Old Turkic is the earliest attested Turkic language, found in inscriptions by the G?kt?rks and the Uyghur people in ca. the 7th to 13th centuries AD....

Rokon script
Achiktash, Sogdiana 7-10th centuries AD
South-Yenisei, Göktürk 8-10th centuries AD
DonDon River (Russia)
alphabet, Khazar Khaganate, 8-10th centuries AD and Kuban
alphabet, Bulghars, 8th-13th centuries AD, closely related, inscriptions in both alphabets found in the Pontic steppe and on the banks of the Kama
Tisza , Badjanaks Pechenegs 8-10th centuries AD

Mongolia - turistaút
The mountain then got the name Burkhan Buudai (buudai = wheat). /búza/
This area, Namsum says, is also famous for alleged sightings of almas, the Mongolian version of the Abominable Snowman.
Sükhee shouts “Mazaalai,” (medve) and then to my utter astonishment I see a huge Gobi bear come loping full speed around the corner of the spur of rock.
taishi (chieftain) = főnök
A Qing zsoldosok etnikai tisztogatása következtében 600 000 oirat halt meg. A Zungar kaganátus örökre megszünt létezni. /zungar, sungar, jungar, hungar/
Nagas, it should be pointed out, are serpent-like being who in Buddhist mythology rule the underworld and watery realms, thus influencing the weather. Thus Qianlong had come to rule not only the territory of Hothon—Zungaria—but also the realms of mythical beings!
Mielőtt átsiklanátok az írás felett, azért emlékeztetnélek benneteket a "modun=tree=fa" kapcsán, hogy a xiongnu nép egyik "sanyu"-jának (holdkán, holdkirály) is ilyen volt a neve.
A "Mongolok titkos történeté"-ben az "oro=trón". Az "oron=hely", mint az "oran, oranäs, orandän, oräntu, urön" szavak. Ordosban az "oron" szintén "hely, ország" jelentésű. A szó a turkban is megtalálható "orun, orin" formában, szintén "hely" jelentéssel. Meg az arab nyelvben...
A fa: Ord. muDu " tree," Dag. möD . = Mo. modun, SH mudun - modun, Bur. modön, Kalm. modn id.
Az orosz:
Ord. oros " Russian," Dag. ords id. = Mo. oros < "oros, ICh. oros,
Bur. or6t < *oros, Kalm. oros id. Mo. oros < *ros = Pocc, Pocci~
(and not Pycb) ;SH has orusut " Russian " < Pycb.
quluyana " mouse," which is etymologically connected with qula " brown " ... an older form *qulayana. ...and huluhana in the Secret History.
Víz (uz, kangar?)
Ts. osd " water," Dag. os id. = Mo. usun, Ord. ~;cs?;KL,h . us, Bur. Alar, Khori yhtirl, Kalm. usn id.
Folyni
Ts. ors6 " flowed, streamed " (past tense) ,Dag. orsd- " to flow " = Mo. urus-, Ord. yrys-, Kh. yes-, Bur. Alar yrti~-,K alm. uros- " to flow."
A mongol főváros: (mézesmadzag, madárfogó zsineg)
Ts. urga' " Rlongolian lariat " = Mo. urya id., uraqa " a sling C < used to catch birds,"
A folyó v. tenger (Csjornoe More)
Ord. moron " river," SH muren (H muren) ,Mu. moren " sea " = Mo. moren, Kh. mura, Kalm. morn " river."
Mint láthattuk, a moldvai magyarok "bitonág" szava feltűnik a Fülöp-szigeteken "Bitan-ag patak" névben.

Török világ

Törökök
Uokil (Ukil, Vokil, Augal) is one of Yuezhi tribes, defeated and displaced by the Hun's expansion in the 2nd century BC. Uokil may have been one of the two Yuezhi dynastic tribes. Traces of ethnonym "Uokil" are found in the East Mongolia and Manchuria territories in the Syanbi (Ch. ?? Xianbei), ancient Turkic, and Mongolian time.
A YUEZHI helyesen írva YUE-QI, azaz "holderő". Mint ismert, Magyarországot a középkorban nevezték "holdkirályság"-nak is.

Ptolemy (VI, 12, 4) wrote about the Lower Syr-Darya:" ...near a section of Yaksart in the north live Yati and Tagors, belower which live Augals". The Greek called Uokils "Augals" Ez az "augal" mennyire emlékeztet az "augur" szóra! Mindenesetre az AUGUR is egy idegen nép lehetett, ha úgy látták a jövőt, mint Uri Geller csapata..

Akiknek dolga van..
Dolgans (Russian: ???????; self-designation: ??????, ???-????, ????) are a Turkic-speaking people, who mostly inhabit Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. The 2002 Census counted 7,261 Dolgans. Párhuzamos világok The Dolgan language is a Turkic language with around 5,000 speakers, spoken in the Taymyr Peninsula in Russia. Its speakers are known as the Dolgans. Like Finnish, Hungarian, and Turkish, Dolgan has vowel harmony, is agglutinative, and has no grammatical gender.

Dolgan nyelven hette=hét, viszont a mongolban a "dologhan" a "hét". Török nyelv On the level of individual words, mutual comprehensibility can be high. Some basic words occur in nearly all Turkic languages in nearly the same form, and a speaker of Azeri can understand a speaker of Western Yugur when s/he says aht, horse (at in Azeri), or pash, head (bash in Azeri).

Érdekességnek : KOI az turk nyelven "falu" jelentésű. De akkor mi a TUR-KOI ?
Türkmén írás
Az ősi magyar rovásírás beemelése a Unicode rendszerbe eltart még másfél- két évig, de attól kezdve bármilyen szöveg átírható - nyilatkozta a Demokratának a július 12-én Budapesten járt Michael Everson, a világ írásrendszereinek szakértője.

Egy régi honlap
Több, mint 4000 éves turkmen írást találtak a régészek (Hiebert, germ.) a fővároshoz közeli ásatáson. Érdekes, de a tükrözött 3 ágú vasvillát formázó betü megtalálható a kínaiaknál, amerikában és a manding írásban is! (Sőt a Hawaii szigeteken is!)

Érdekességnek: Szerda-r
Serdar was a military rank in the Ottoman Empire and Montenegro. It means a head (ser) of place/land (dar). Dari refers to the Persian word darbar (?????), meaning "Court", as it was the formal language of the Sassanids.

Törökök
"A Magyar Nyelv Történeti-Etimológiai Szótára (TESz) 33 bizonyosan csuvasos típusú ótörök jövevényszót tartalmaz, 9 valószínű csuvasos típusú szót, ezzel szemben 148 szót egyszerűen ótöröknek nevez, 43-at pedig valószínűleg ótöröknek. Ligeti Lajos véleménye szerint „a bolgár-török elmélet gyakorlati alkalmazása csődöt mondott”,7 ezért azt javasolta, hogy a „bolgár-török” jelző helyett a szakma térjen vissza a „csuvasos jellegű” kifejezés használatára."

Besorolás
A török nyelvek felosztására több kísérlet történt (az egyik legújabb ezek közül Schönig 1997–1998). Az újabb kutatások eredményei alapján — egy kronológiai szempontokat is érvényesítő és a belső genetikai, tipológiai összefüggésekre továbbá a földrajzi koordinátákra egyaránt figyelemmel lévő — felosztás az alábbi lehet:

Ótörök változatok: keleti és nyugati ótörök.
Középtörök változatok: kipcsak, oguz, hvárezmi, csagatáj, bolgár.
Mai török változatok: (1) délnyugati (oguz) török nyelvek, (2) északnyugati (kipcsak) nyelvek, (3) délkeleti (turki) török nyelvek, (4) északkeleti (szibériai) török nyelvek, (5) a jakut és dolgán csoport, (6) a haladzs, (7) a csuvas.

Köztörök
Z-török nyelvből származó jövevényszóként kimutatták a mongolból, perzsából, arabból és magyarból (ahol kun jövevény, ld. Mándoky 1993: 100-101). A nyelvi részleteket ld. Doerfer 1965: 338-341. A szó hangtestének felépítésében résztvevő két első hang változása (b > p, o > u) a köztörök (= z-török) nyelvi ág különböző tagjaiban viszonylag kései, középtörök kori, a második szótagi z és a pedig az őstörök kortól fogva változatlanul megőrzött régiség.

Szavak
Ótörök
A török nyelveknek a mongol és mandzsu-tunguz nyelvekkel együtt egy hipotetikus altáji nyelvcsaládba való tartozása vitatott kérdés. Nyelvfejlődésük ugyan közös előzményeken nyugszik, de az állandó vándorlások, a földrajzi tagoltság, a szerteágazó más népekhez fűződő kapcsolatok, a mozaikszerűen egymásba ékelődött népcsoportok beolvadása révén rendkívül differenciálttá vált. Nyelvtörténetileg jól elkülöníthető az őstörök korszak (i. sz. 6. sz.-ig), majd az ótörök korszak (i. sz. 6–10. sz. között), amelyben a bolgár-török, kipcsák, oguz és karluk nyelvi ágak önállósulása, differenciálódása határozottan nyomon követhető. A 10. sz.-tól a 15. sz.-ig tartó középtörök nyelvfejlődési periódusban már 17–20 önálló nyelv biztosan elkülöníthető. A napjainkig tartó újtörök korszakban mintegy 36 török nyelvvel számolhatunk.

Mint láttuk, a hunza vidék felé van Panj (Karom) folyó, Isztik folyó, Iszik tó, Badakshan hegy... Amelyeket azért nem tanácsos magyar szavakként kezelni.

A "korona népe" szerint az AVESTA szintere a Pamir-Hindukush vidéke. Mert az "Avesta" nem csak egy vallási könyv! Első fejezete, a Vendidad szép ismertetést ad a geográfiai viszonyokról is. A legtöbb - az Avestában említett - hegy a mai Khorasan területén található. Két alfejezet is ismerteti a hegyeket: A "zemyadaasht" (19. yaasht) /Zemja=föld, szláv/ valamint az "oomyaasht" (10.yaasht). Az "oomyaasht" említi az ooma (alma?) növényt. Ennek a növénynek a levét itták tejjel-mézzel keverve. (Calvados-féle?)
A "Hariti barez" hegységet egy Geiger nevű német kutató a Pamir hegységgel azonosította.
A "Zard Haza" (Sárga hon?) a második legmagasabb és legkiterjedtebb hegység az Avestában említettekből. Egyik részét Oshidsharnak nevezték. Itt eredet a "Hirmand" folyó.
A Sia maka ma a Hindukush egy része és "Sia Koh" (Fekete hegy/montenegro?) néven ismerjük.
A "Wafra yant" neve a régi Bandhash-ban "wafara omand". Havas hegy = Barf Koh. Ez a "Fehér hegy" a "Fekete hegy" mellett található. (Hari rud folyó felé)
Sapita warna itt úgy írják, hogy fehér vidék, mert majdnem állandóan hó borítja. Laikusként "Hetek területe"-ként fordítanám. Sapita guna gheeri: mai neve "Safayed Koh", amit szintén "Fehér hegy"-nek fordítanak. A "spíta" azonosiva "spíta" ami szerintük tartalmilag "safayed", azaz "fehér". A "guna"-t "szin"-nek fordítják és a "gheeri" (gari?) pedig "hegy" jelentésű náluk.

"A massageták régi lakhelye volt: az Oxian tava és az ebbe szakadó Jaxart folyó vidékén, elnyúlva északra az alan hegyekig, melyektől Alan, Alanors nevet is nyertek. Később egy részök a Caspi tenger és Caucas hegy közét foglalván el, itt azon folyóknak neveitől, melyeknek vidékeit megszállották, egyes törzseik ujabb neveket nyertek; jelesen a Caucas bérczeiből eredő és Cyrus vizébe ömlő Alazon folyótól Alazonoknak, s Abulfeda arab iró szerint alazoknak, a Caspi tengerbe szakadó Alban vizétől vagy az albani havasoktól Albanoknak, lakhelyök Albaniának, az Araxes folyó mellékiek, mivel e folyó a nubiai földleiró szerint "Ros" nevet is viselt, ros- vagy görögösen rox-alanoknak neveztettek." link
Mint emlékezhettek, Herodot korában a massageták és a tyssageták valahol Turán szomszédságában éltek. Aztán eltüntek. Viszont Európa a Krisztus előtti századokban tele van latinos nyelvezetű gétákkal. Kezdve a Pontus felett élő Tyrsagétáktól az Al-Duna alatt fel Singidunumig élő vizigótokon át a Galliában lakó Vercin, geta rix (király) népéig. Amerre ezek a geták éltek, ott alakultak ki a latin nyelvek.

Badak
Chagatai: badak, “a kind of hairy dog”. Uyghur: barak, “hairy”. MP b'lk' (bärag) mount, horse; steed.
Közép-Afrikában a "-bada = ring/gyűrű". Bada (rhinoceros) DK-Ázsia. bada "bathe" (see bathe) + Proto-Germanic *-sik "one's self" .

Pesti István 2010 április

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