Albania

Amatőr szemmel.


Balkán
Az 1455-ös török népszámlálás szerint a cca 600 "albán" faluból 80 akadt, ahol albán neveket jegyeztek fel. A törökök különben az albánokat "arnavutlu" néven ismerték. A szó az arab "arnaound = oroszlánszív" név származéka. Az első albán szótár 1635-ben jelent meg, s 5000 szót tartalmazott. Ez volt az u.n. "Latino-Epiroticum" szótár. A nyelv fejlesztés alatt állt !

Névváltozások okoznak gondot az ókori települések azonosításban. Pl. Arapaj nevéből Arapovics lett. Djokaj nevéből pedig Djokics. Ugye, az -ics a szláv nyelvekben v.kinek a fia. Magyarul (-ffy) fi. (Ben, bin, Mac stb) Vajon az AJ is ezt jelenti?

Ha már így felmerült Djokaj nevének elszlávosítása, szerettem volna utánanézni, milyen nyelven beszéltek a Balkánon a szlávok előtt. Sajnos, értékelhető választ nem kaptam a név eredetére. Annyit sikerült kideríteni, hogy Kamerun egyik nyelvjárásában a DJOK az korsó, üveg jelentésű szó. Pedig én az "-AJ" végződés alapján turkre tippeltem.. A buta keresőgép meg javasolta, hogy nézzem meg a Jokai név jelentését DJOKAJ helyett... {Sejtettem, hogy nagy írónk nem vérbeli finnugor, még a szeme sem úgy áll, mint egy szamojednak..}
The timezone in Ebomene Djok is Africa/Douala Sunrise at 06:20 and Sunset at 18:27. It's light. Latitude. 3.5166667°, Longitude. 10.5° .
Eséka is a small town in central Cameroon.

A "DJOK" szó megtalálható egész Óceánia területén, valamint az Indiai óceán szigetein.

Creol word

Patrick Chamoiseau, for his part, uses raw Creole words. In his writing, we find “djok,” “dorlis,” etc. I prefer the strategy of re-Gallicizing them. When I say re-Gallicizing, remember that 90% of the Creole lexicon comes originally from French, but be careful, not from today’s standard French... Creole comes from French dialects of the seventeenth century, which, precisely, are not standard French because what became standard French was the French of Paris, the Parisian dialect of the seventeenth century which was called Francien.

A Djok clan félelmetes külsejű maradéka. Jeffrey Lee is the last of the Djok clan and the senior custodian of the Koongarra uranium deposit, talks about mining inside Kakadu National Park, NT. Djokjakarta másképpen Yogyakarta.

Szellemes Ugandában.
The god of the Alur tribesmen of Uganda and Zaire. The Alur believe that the world is full of spirits, djok, and consider that their ancestors manifest themselves in snake forms or in large rocks.

Arapaj

"The city of Durrës dates to the 7th century B.C., according to traditional reports from ancient sources in the year 627. The modern city is built on top of the ruins of ancient Epidamnos or Dyrrachion, the latter transformed into Dyrrachium in the Roman period. According to Thucydides, the city was colonized by Corcyreans and Corinthians, who named the city Epidamnos."

Pre-Alban

Bár semmi rokonságot nem látok - így, nyelvészeti tudás hiányában - azért akad egy-két érdekes szó: Pl
karëconj =>I caress
kaghonj=>I descend
kanaroc -i  =>neck, throat
kashun -i   =>coffin
krionj  =>I create

Beresh

Beresh2

ARAPAJ - Lilith?

Africa is not well-known amongst Turks; for example there are those who believe that all Africans can speak Arabic, perhaps related to the word Arap (meaning Arab) being used by some to describe anyone of color. I mention this to the Ethiopian ambassador to Turkey, Malatu Teshome. No, we are not Arab, he says, looking very puzzled -- as indeed he might, coming from a country that although richly diverse, is also predominantly Christian. During our almost one-hour chat it is the only moment he loses his extremely serious  true statesman attitude -- he listens very carefully, answers very soberly and smiles with sincerity throughout our chat. He pauses for thought for a second, "Maybe because of the western Africans?" he asks.

Arap = son of/v.kinek a fia. Mások szerint az "arap" szó négert, főképp etiópot jelöl..

Etimológia: Kodagu : ara- (arap-, arand-) Kodagu meaning : to make loud hoarse noise, moo.

Konda: Also Konda arap- to fell, make to fall

Elefánt:
Meaning: 'elephant'
Somali: arb-e 'elephant' Sasse PEC, 14
Oromo (Galla): arb-a 'elephant' Sasse PEC, 14
Rendille: arab 'elephant' Sasse PEC, 14
Arbore: arb-a 'elephant' Sasse PEC, 14
Elmolo: arap 'elephant' Sasse PEC, 14

Nagy Sándor katonáinak tánca: It is said that Arap was Soldiers Dance at the time of Alexander The Great. The modern song to which the Arapo is danced, however, is about a rabbit timid of the responsibilities of married life.

Dayak Az "arap" rossz.. Arap is bad. For example: "Aran Arap" refers to the road is bad and "Agah Arap" is bad news. Buda is white. Bori is a house. Pi-in refers to water. Siok (shiok) is chicken. Sekeduh/bekeduh is to run or running. Sungi refers to a river. Tiban is a door. "Ata man nok" means we eat and drink.

Az oroszoknál "néger" az "arap": the Russian term for dark-skinned people was "arap", apparently from "Arab" (sort of "blackamoor" perhaps). Only in the 19th century was it replaced with "negr" -- "Negro" or "black". Interestingly, Gannibal's (second) wife and Pushkin's great-grandmom was a German lady, née von Schoeberg, so the national poet was also one-eighth German.

Arvaniták - szkipetárok

Albániai görög kisebbség. "According to Kollias, some Arvanites of the northwestern Greek region of Epirus traditionally also use the word Shqiptár (Σ¨κ̇ιπτάρ) to identify themselves, without claiming an Albanian national consciousness. The word Shqiptár is used as well in a few vilages of Thrace, where Arvanites migrated from the mountains of Pindos during the 19th century. On the other hand, this word is totally unknown among the main body of the Arvanites in southern Greece."

"Phara (φάρα) is a descent model, similar to Scottish clans. Arvanites were organised in phares mostly during the reign of the Ottoman Empire. The apex was a warlord and the phara was named after him (i.e. Botsaris' phara)."

Triesh

"Triesh is one of the seven Albanian tribes of Malësi e Madhe. Trieshi, as well as Hoti, derive from a single ancestor named Keqi. The tribe consists of over 300 houses within a ten village radius. The ten villages of Trieshi are to include: Rudinë, Nikmarashi, Muzheçku, Budzë, Poprat, Stjepoja, Bekaj, Delaj, Cemi i Trieshit, and Koritë. "

Berat és a béresek

"It known as the city of one-thousand windows and is declared as a museum city. It is on the slopes of the Tomorri mount where the castle of the city rises in a predominant hill. Inside its walls there are dwelling houses and the “Onufri Museum”. Paintings and icons by the outstanding Albanian painter are also exhibited there. The old part of the city has some religious buildings like churches and mosques."

"In antiquity Albanians were referred to as Arbër, which gave the country the name of Arbëri. Such a name dates back to the II Century, mentioned by the Greek geographer, Ptolemeu. In the Middle Ages, the country was known by another version Arban, which was the Albanians’ ethnic name in that period. This is shown by the fact that Albanians who migrated in Greece (XIV Century) called themselves Arvanit, those migrating in Italy (XV-XVI) and in Dalmatia (XVIII) called themselves Arbëresh."

Albania

"Apolonia was one of the biggest ancient cities in Adriatic area and the most distinguished of the other 30 cities bearing the same name."

" It is a pale Christian Basilica of sixth century, one of the biggest in Albania discovered on a hill at the Arapaj village. Excavations of 1983 prove it was a monumental building of dimensions 60x28m. It is probable this Basilica be the church of Saint Michael, mentioned by Ana Komnena in the Byzantine war against Normans in 11th century. In the battle of 1081 which took place on the outskirts of Durres, the protectors found refuge in the fortified Basilica which was set in fire by Normans."

"One of the main problems, like that of the inhabitants of old Albania, although so widely discussed by the linguistics andother scientists since the beginning of the century and after the World War II, is not solved yet."

"Hasan Ceka is one of the founders of Albanian archeology. He dealt with numismatic researches and there are nearly 20 thousand coins in its numismatic cabinet.This cabinet includes coins of Greekantiquity, which were the first to be emitted and later on theywere exchanged with the other towns and the coins emitted by the Ilyrian states themselves,like King Gent or Lisi town." (Ez nem Kent, Egyiptom!)

Albánok

Tehát a kérdés továbbra is az: Kik vitték az ARRAN nevet a Kaukázustól Skóciáig?

Helynevek

"Not disputing that present day Albanians are descendants both of the Illyrian tribe, the Albani, from the region Arbanon (the Byzantine name, Raban in Serbian and Arbanum in Latin) but also of the neighbouring and close-by Thracians, Dacomoesians, Moesians, Dardani and the Romanised Illyrians, the Vlachs and finally the Slavs"

"Let us recall that it was only in the fourteenth century that the name Shchipetar as the Albanians call themselves today first appeared among them and this was originally a family name in the city of Berat in the north of the country. The first mention of the Albanian nation was in 1595 when Marco Gini spoke about "la mia natione Albanese".

Koszovo

Csecsen - albán szavak:
Chechen = nana, Albanian = nene, English = mother, magyar = anya
Chechen = ghaala, Albanian = kala, English = castle, magyar = kastély
Chechen = duq, Albanian = aq, English = so many, magyar = dugig, sok
Chechen = buha, Albanian = buf, English = owl, magyar = bagoly

Maya számolás?

"Some search will show that the IE has a neat decimal counting system, while the Albanian and French languages show traces of a pre-IE, Old European counting system with base twenty, e.g. in French, 76 is soixante-seize, "60 + 16" (but in Belgian French, septante-six, "70 + 6", the normal Romance form), or 80 is quatre-vingts, "4 X 20"."

"The old home of the Albanians must have been near to that of the proto-Rumanians. The oldest Latin elements in Albanian come from proto-Rumanian, i.e. eastern Balkan Latin, and not from Dalmatian, western Balkan Latin that was spoken in Illyria. Cf. the phonetic development of the following words:

Vulgar Latin caballum 'horse' Rum. cal, Alb. kal
Vulgar Latin cubitum 'elbow' Rum. cot. Alb. kut
Vulgar Latin lucta 'struggle, fight' Rum. lupt, Arum. luft, Alb. luft?"

"The Illyrian toponyms known from antiquity, e.g. Shk?der from the ancient Scodra (Livius), Tomor from Tomarus (Strabo, Pliny, etc.), have not been directly inherited in Albanian" (Tomory büszke vezér, honnét érkeztél? Vizimór?)

Strabo: In ancient times, then, Dodona was under the rule of the Thesprotians; and so was Mount Tomarus,464 or Tmarus (for it is called both ways), at the base of which the temple is situated. And both the tragic poets and Pindar have called Dodona "Thesprotian Dodona." But later on it came under the rule of the Molossi. And it is after the Tomarus, people say, that those whom the poet calls interpreters of Zeus — whom he also calls "men with feet unwashen, men who sleep upon the ground"465 — were called "tomouroi"; and in the Odyssey some so write the words of Amphinomus, when he counsels the p317wooers not to attack Telemachus until they inquire of Zeus: "If the tomouroi of great Zeus approve, I myself shall slay, and I shall bid all the rest to aid, whereas if god averts it, I bid you stop."466 For it is better, they argue, to write "tomouroi" than "themistes"; at any rate, nowhere in the poet are the oracles called "themistes," but it is the decrees, statutes, and laws that are so called; but the people have been called "tomouroi" because "tomouroi" is a contraction of "tomarouroi," 329the equivalent of "tomarophylakes."467 Now although the more recent critics say "tomouri," yet in Homer one should interpret "themistes" (and also "boulai") in a simpler way, though in a way that is a misuse of the term, as meaning those orders and decrees that are oracular, just as one also interprets "themistes" as meaning those that are made by law. For example, such is the case in the following: "to give ear to the decree468 of Zeus from the oak-tree of lofty foliage."


Szintén erről a fórumról, fordítva:
Derbent régi neve ALBANOPOLIS volt.
A másik Albanopolis meg itt.

Fehérvár

Elbasan was - until the beginning of the Second World War - one of the most pleasant and unspoilt Ottoman cities in Albania, with a mixture of eastern and medieval buildings, narrow cobbled streets and a large bazaar where Turkish could still be heard. There was a clearly defined Christian settlement within the castle walls, a Vlach district on the outskirts of the city and several fine mosques and Islamic buildings. At the time the population was about 15,000 people.

A nyelvészek egyöntetű véleménye szerint viszont nem ebből származik az illír (?) albánok Ptolemaiosznál is előforduló neve (albanoi), hanem egy indoeurópait megelőző alb 'hegy, domb' tőből (Krahe 1938:6.), s olyan rokonai vannak, mint az Alpok, a sváb Alb, Alba Longa, a lat. albus = fehér, mint a hegyi hó', Albion 'sziklás sziget' (Lambertz 1949:6.)."

A HOL-nak eredeténél fogva több jelentése is van.
A Hold (égitest) a -hol- (itt hegy, mégpedig havas) " hol-ú " hol-ú-ány " halvány jelentésű változatával azonos.
{hol-at " (beszéd közben alakulva) " holat-at (pl.) " holdat " Hold}
hol-ú " holú-a " halva " halba " (alba!) " aba (= fehér) (ill: helyi, helybeli !!!)
Ez utóbbi megegyezik az egyéb hegy értelmű változatokból eredő szavakkal.
T.i. hegy " hely. (hor) " hól (hegy) " hol? (mi helyen?)
(han) " han(t )" hon?, hun? ...és a kaukázusi Albánia neve?..

Igaz, Irország nyugati részén volt VENnicnium prima és ARGITA folyó is!
Igaz, a skót határ közelében volt VINDOGARA város

Viszont:
In pre-Islamic times, Arran formed the heart of the Iranian province of Caucasian Albania
Arran

Másik fórumról: A két Albánia.

Just a few, of the many identical place-names between Albania and Caucasus:
Albo-Arnauti -Caucasus- Arnauti
(Turks and Balkan peoples call Albanians by this name; likely from arch. Turk: Arran)
Albo: Bushati =  Caucasus: Bushati (also the name of an Albanian tribe)
Albo: Baboti =  Caucasus: Baboti
Albo: Baka = Caucasus: Bako
Albo: Ballagati =  Caucasus: Balagati
Albo: Ballaj,Balli =  Caucasus: Bali
Albo: Bashkimi =  Caucasus: Bashkoi
Albo: Bathore =  Caucasus: Batharia
Albo: Bater =  Caucasus: Bataris
Albo: Geg =  Caucasus: Gegi, Gegeni, Geguti (Term used by Albanians in their language to denote their brethre north of the Shkumbi R.)
Albo: Demir Kapia =  Caucasus: Demir Kapia (Turkish term: "iron gates"; term by which Turks refered to the Caspian Sea or arch: Albanian Sea)
Albo: Kish, Kisha.. = Caucasus: Kish (Eight different toponyms in Albania begin with "kish=templom")
Albo: Kurata,Kuratem,Kurateni(villages)= Caucasus: Kura (river) (Nine different toponyms in Albania begin with "Kura")
Albo: Luginasi = Caucasus: Lugini
Albo: Rusani = Caucasus: Rusian
Albo: Sheshani, Shoshani, Shashani = Caucasus: Shashani
Albo: Sheshaj, Sheshi = Caucasus: Sheshleti
Albo: Skalla = Caucasus: Skaleri
Albo: Shiptari, Shipyaki, Shkhepa = Caucasus: Shkepi
Albo: Shkoder = Caucasus: Shkeder, Shked, Shkoda
Albo: Shekulli = Caucasus: Shekouli ("Shekulli=century", Latin "seculus=century")
Albo: Skuraj = Caucasus: Skuria

The Chechen language is similar to Albanian.

The most ancient loanwords from Latin in Albanian have the phonetic form of eastern Balkan Latin, i.e. of proto-Rumanian, and not of western Balkan Latin, i.e. of old Dalmatian Latin. Albanian, therefore, did not take its borrowings from Vulgar Latin as spoken in Illyria.

Then in 1042, the Byzantine Empire attacked the yong Serbian state after having defeated the Arabs in Sicily and having brought the Sicilian Albanians under their command and christianizing them. The leader of the Byzantines who led the Albanians was named Georgius Maniakos. Maniakos brought Albanian mercenaries from Sicily to fight the Serbs and they settled in two waves in modern day Albania, first the mercanaries came, and then came the women and children. After the defeat of Maniakos, the Byzantines would not let the Albanians return, thus the Albanians requested that the Serbs let them stay on the land. They settled under mount Raban and the city of Berat and from this, the Serbs called them "Rabanasi" or "Arbanasi". The city of Berat was known as Belgrad also, before the Albanians came to settle there.

Alban halil

The songs concerning Mujo and Halil are called in Albanian kângë kreshnikësh, meaning "Songs of Heroes." They are also known as kângë lahute, that is, "Songs of the Lahuta," for they are always sung to the accompaniment of the lahuta (the Albanian musical instrument of the mountaineers similar to the gusle).
..the suffix -nik is Slavic, supposes that the root kresh is derived from Slavic krst (or more correctly КрЬCΤЪ--cross/kereszt).

Hebrew - fúvóshangszer

The word 'halil' means "flute" in modern Hebrew. It comes from the root 'h'.'l'.'l', denoting variously "to pierce" or "to hollow out," and therefore also things that are pierced or hollowed out. This is where we get the modern Hebrew adjective 'halul', "hollow." In biblical Hebrew, a halil was a wind instrument

A halál és a halott:
From h.l.l we get the biblical verb 'hilel', "to make unholy" or "to profane," and the related word 'halila', often translated "God forbid" and used to describe something terrible. And we get the word 'halal', "slain/megölt (person)."

halaka: perish {Sem h-l-k, Akk alaku (go, walk), Heb halakh, Syr halek, BAram halakh, Uga hlk, Phoen hlk}

Pünkösdi király? - Barát = Khalil

Ibrahim al-Khalil (إبراهيم الخليل) means "Abraham the friend",
Hebron:  "colleague", "unite", "friend" or "to be noisy". (Ebből a "ron=mester"?)

Trója

Hali Ili, (or, as we have written it, Halil Elly, to conform to the mode of pronunciation,) an etymology from ILION. Elly az ország nyelvén "kerület, járás" (district) kicsit hasonló az -ISTAN szóhoz. Apollo napisten nevét írták AIL, illetve AELIOSZ formában is.

Iranian etymology:
halil is used for "to wash, cleanse, purify"

Érdekességnek - cigány szavunk: "Cingane. The Turkish version of 'Adsincan'. The word has no pejorative meaning in Cypriot Turkish." Tsignos. The official term used in Greek documents and written material. It comes from the term 'Cingani' (used already in the text of 1468) which in turn comes from the archaic word 'Adsincan' used in mediaeval Byzantium. çingene: gypsy, gipsy, Romany, zingaro

Halil Ural, an ex-soldier from Haci Osman k? Julius von Mészáros, a Hungarian linguist, visited Turkey in 1930 to take down some material on Ubykh.
halla = shout/ kiált {Sem h-l-l, Heb hillel (praise), Syr halel}

Dict - Albánia

Saját:
her = i/e saj, i/e asaj, të saj
hers (plural)  = e saj / e saja, të saj / të saja, të asajin / të
asajën, të asajit / të asajës

administer = jap (kr. thj., pj. dhashë, dhënë)
breast = cicë {f}, sisë {f}
bridge (verb) = bashkoj
butcher (noun) = kasap/e (arab eredetű, mint a magyarban)
castle = kala {f}, kështjellë {f}
Christmas = Kërshëndella {f} (shumës); Merry Christmas! = Gëzuar Kërshëndellat!
city hall = bashki {f} (tr. shq. bashkia)
watch (verb) = shoh (kr. thj., pj. pashë, parë), shikoj
united = i/e bashkuar
swastika = kryq i thyer (Szólt a HOLLÓ: Sohamár.)
slaughterhouse = kasaphanë {f}

Afrika

Magyar:  közelebb hoz (to approximate, to bring up, bring closer, bring up), összehoz (bring closer, bring together, connect, draw together, drive together). Additional references: Magyar, Hungary, Austria, bring closer. (volunteer & more translations)

Tosk:  qas (approach, bring close, bring closer), përfundoj (complete, conclude, finish, terminate, accomplish), afroj (approach, close up, appendix, bring close, bring close together). Additional references: Tosk, Turkey (Europe), bring closer. (volunteer & more translations)

Albanian:  qas (approach, bring close, bring closer), përfundoj (complete, conclude, finish, terminate, accomplish), afroj (approach, close up, appendix, bring close, bring close together). Additional references: Albanian, Turkey (Europe), bring closer. (volunteer & more translations)

Zhgabe:  qas (approach, bring close, bring closer), përfundoj (complete, conclude, finish, terminate, accomplish), afroj (approach, close up, appendix, bring close, bring close together). Additional references: Zhgabe, Turkey (Europe), bring closer. (volunteer & more translations)

Wolof:  jegeñal (bring close together, bring near to, bring closer, cut back, reconcile), jégeel (bring close together, bring near to, bring closer, cut back, reconcile). Additional references: Wolof, Senegal, Mauritania, bring closer. (volunteer & more translations)

Etimológia

Inglese - Albanese - approach
n. afrim, avitje, ardhje, rrugë, shteg, trajtim
v. afroj, afrohem, qas, drejtohem: i drejtohem (dikujt)

Shekulli (English: Century) is a newspaper published in Albania.

(Forrás megszünt: http://web.ukonline.co.uk/shqip/news_albania_pictures_news.html)

One of the main problems, like that of the inhabitants of oldAlbania, although so widely discussed by the linguistics andother scientists since the beginning of the century and after the World War II, is not solved yet.
The history of Ilyrians, late antiquity, and arbers has darkperiods. The period after the influx of barbarian hords incentury IV in Balkan is dark and the archeology finds verydifficult to make evident this period due to the lack of written sources. The survival of Byzantine culture in the century VI inall Balkan brought the survival of the culture in ourterritory.The culture called Komani culture, is in fact arbersculture.
Hasan Ceka is one of the founders of Albanian archeology. He dealt with numismatic researches and there are nearly 20 thousand coins in its numismatic cabinet.This cabinet includes coins of Greekantiquity, which were the first to be emitted and later on theywere exchanged with the other towns and the coins emitted by theIlyrian states themselves,like King Gent or Lisi town.

Albán - kölcsönszavak
shkulkë; "boundary marker for pastures made of branches" < Late Latin sculca < Goth skulka "guardian".
gomar; "donkey, ass", gegish "magjer" < *margë < Goth *marh "horse".
kumbull; "plum" < kokkúmelon.
bletë; "hive, bee" < Attic mélitta "bee" (vs. Ionic mélissa)

Pesti István 2011 április



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